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1901502

전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 : 재료별, 유형별, 구성 요소별, 국가별, 지역별 - 세계 산업 분석, 시장 규모, 점유율, 예측(2025-2032년)

Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market, By Material, By Type, By Component, By Country, and By Region - Global Industry Analysis, Market Size, Market Share & Forecast from 2025-2032

발행일: | 리서치사: AnalystView Market Insights | 페이지 정보: 영문 396 Pages | 배송안내 : 2-3일 (영업일 기준)

    
    
    




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전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 규모는 2024년에 9조 7,890억 달러로 평가되었고 2025년부터 2032년에 걸쳐 CAGR 8.6%를 나타낼 전망입니다.

전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장에는 변압기, 개폐 장치, 차단기, 재생에너지 시스템, 산업용 자동화 기기, 고압 송전망에 사용되는 고전도성 구리 및 은 재료의 제조·공급이 포함됩니다. 이 금속은 효율적인 전력 분배, 우수한 열 성능, 신뢰할 수 있는 산업 운영을 촉진합니다. 시장을 견인하는 주요 요인은 첨단 전도 부품을 필요로 하는 세계의 송전망 현대화와 재생에너지 통합의 추진입니다. 에너지 효율 향상을 위해 스마트 그리드나 IoT 대응 산업 기기에는 은 강화 접점이 채용되고 있습니다. 그러나 원료 가격, 특히 은의 가격 변동이 생산 비용을 밀어 올리기 때문에 업계는 제약을 받고 있습니다. 이 과제에도 불구하고 청정에너지 프로젝트와 산업용전화가 가속되고 있는 것은 장수명으로 고성능인 구리 및 은 부품 수요 증가에 수반해, 큰 기회를 가져오고 있습니다.

전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 역학

소비자용 전자기기 수요 증가

소비자용 전자기기의 급속한 성장은 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장에 간접적인 혜택을 가져오고 있습니다. 스마트폰, 태블릿, 웨어러블 디바이스, 스마트 홈 기술의 세계가 보급됨에 따라 업스트림 제조 공정 및 관련 산업 시스템에서 고성능 전도성 재료에 대한 수요도 확대되고 있습니다. IDC의 예측에 따르면 2023년까지 세계 스마트폰 출하량은 13억 8,000만대에 달했으며, 정밀한 전기적 접속과 고신뢰성 회로에 의존하는 디바이스의 방대한 규모를 보여주었습니다. 구리와 은은 전자기기 생산 라인에서 사용되는 커넥터, 스위치, 릴레이, 전력 제어 모듈, 반도체 패키징 장치의 제조에 여전히 활용되고 있습니다. 디바이스의 소형화 동향이 진행되고 있는 가운데, 마이크로 스케일에 있어서 뛰어난 전도성, 열 안정성, 내구성을 제공하는 선진적인 구리·은 합금의 필요성이 강조되고 있습니다. 그 결과, 소비자용 전자기기의 급성장은 보다 광범위한 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품의 중요한 간접적 성장 촉진요인으로 부상하고 있습니다.

전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 : 세분화 분석

세계 시장은 재료, 유형, 구성 요소 및 지역에 따라 분류됩니다.

구성 요소별로는 전기 접점 부문이 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장을 견인하고 있습니다. 이는 개폐장치, 차단기, 릴레이, 변압기, 제어시스템에서 고전도성, 긴 수명, 저저항의 재료가 요구되기 때문입니다. 구리와 은은 전력 손실이 최소화되고, 고부하 사이클 하에서 안정된 성능, 우수한 내 아크성을 제공하기 때문에 계속 선호되는 재료입니다. 이들은 모두 유틸리티, 산업 자동화 및 재생에너지 인프라에서 중요한 요구 사항입니다. 전기화의 진전, 스마트 그리드의 보급 확대, 산업기계의 사용 증가가 이 부문의 우위성을 지원하고 있습니다. 예를 들어 2021년 7월 KMD 그룹은 전류 전도 부품용으로 설계된 고순도 구리 스트립을 발표했습니다. 뛰어난 전기·열전도성과 탁월한 성형성을 갖추어 선진적인 전기 접점의 제조에 이상적인 특성입니다. 이러한 지속적인 혁신은 전기 접점이 시장의 주요 수익원이되는 이유를 보여줍니다.

재료별, 유형별로는 구리 및 구리 합금이 구리 및 은 부품 시장을 견인하고 있습니다. 뛰어난 전기 전도성, 내식성, 열 효율, 비용 효율성으로 전력 전송, 전기 배전, 산업 자동화, 반도체 용도에 필수적인 존재가 되고 있습니다. 그 범용성에서 커넥터, 버스 바, 스위치, 릴레이, 내구성과 고전류 용량을 필요로 하는 고정밀 부품 등 폭넓은 용도에 적합합니다. 산업 분야에서의 전자화와 고성능 전자 시스템 수요 증가에 따라, 이 부문은 성장을 계속하고 있습니다. 예를 들어 2024년 12월에는 우미코어사가 신호재료유한책임공사(Shinhao Materials LLC)를 인수하여 우미코아 소주 반도체재료유한공사(USSM)를 설립했습니다. 이 확대로 Umicore의 제품 포트폴리오는 반도체 패키징을 지원하는 선진적인 구리 도금 첨가제(IntraCu(R) 기술)를 포함하게 되었고, 커넥터 및 접점 재료에 사용되는 코팅과 중복되는 부분도 탄생했습니다. 이는 차세대 산업 및 전력 기술에서 구리의 전략적 중요성을 돋보이게 합니다.

전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 - 지역별 분석

북미는 스마트 그리드 업그레이드, 첨단 송전 네트워크 및 고전도성 구리 및 은 부품에 크게 의존하는 저전압 및 중전압 개폐기 용도의 보급을 위한 지속적인 투자에 힘입어 주요 지역 시장을 유지하고 있습니다. 반면 중동 및 아프리카에서는 정부가 전력 인프라를 현대화하고 산업 능력을 확대함에 따라 꾸준한 성장이 보입니다. 라틴아메리카 시장도 주택의 전기율 향상, 재생에너지 설비의 도입, 소규모 산업의 발전에 견인되어 확대를 계속하고 있습니다. 이 지역은 에너지 효율 향상, 손실 감소, 현대적이고 강인한 전력 시스템을 지원하는 구리 및 은 부품에 대한 세계 수요 증가를 상징합니다.

미국의 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 - 국가별 분석

북미의 주요 시장인 미국에서는 고전도성 구리 및 은 부품에 대한 의존도가 높은 자동차, 전자기기, 에너지 인프라 분야가 견인역이 되고 있습니다. 포드, 제너럴 모터스, 테슬라 등 주요 제조업체에 의한 전기자동차의 급속한 보급이 구리를 다용한 모터, 배선 시스템, 파워 일렉트로닉스 수요 증가를 촉진하고 있습니다. 국제에너지기구(IEA)에 따르면 2020년까지 미국에서는 170만대 이상의 전기차가 주행했으며, 신뢰성이 높은 도전재료에 대한 수요 증가가 강조되었습니다. 또한, 이 나라에서 신재생에너지로의 전환 가속화는 시장 성장을 가속하고 있습니다. 미국 태양에너지산업협회(SEIA)에 따르면 2020년 미국에 설치된 태양광 발전 용량은 19.2기가와트에 달했고, 효율적인 전력 전송과 산업 운영에 필수적인 구리 버스 바, 커넥터, 은계 접점 재료 수요를 증가시켰습니다.

목차

제1장 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 개요

  • 분석 범위
  • 시장 추정 연도

제2장 주요 요약

  • 시장 분석
  • 경쟁 인사이트

제3장 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품의 주된 시장 동향

  • 시장 성장 촉진요인
  • 시장 성장 억제요인
  • 시장 기회
  • 시장 전망 동향

제4장 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 : 산업 분석

  • PEST 분석
  • Porter's Five Forces 분석
  • 시장 성장 전망 : 매핑
  • 규제 체계 분석

제5장 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 : 높아지는 지정학적 긴장의 영향

  • COVID-19 팬데믹의 영향
  • 러시아·우크라이나 전쟁의 영향
  • 중동 분쟁의 영향

제6장 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 상황

  • 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 점유율 분석(2024년)
  • 주요 제조업체별 분석 데이터
    • 기존 기업 분석
    • 신생 기업 분석

제7장 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 : 재료별

  • 개요
    • 부문별 점유율 분석 : 재료별
    • 은 텅스텐 카바이드 흑연
    • 은 몰리브덴
    • 브레이즈 합금
    • 은 니켈
    • 은 산화 카드뮴
    • 은 텅스텐
    • 은 흑연
    • 순은
    • 은 산화 주석
    • 은 주조 합금
    • 구리 텅스텐
    • 은 텅스텐 카바이드
    • 강철 및 니켈 모넬
    • 구리 및 구리 합금

제8장 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 : 유형별

  • 개요
    • 부문별 점유율 분석 : 유형별
    • 카드뮴 기반
    • 카드뮴 프리

제9장 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 : 구성 요소별

  • 개요
    • 부문별 점유율 분석 : 구성 요소별
    • 내화 접점
    • 접점 팁
    • 표면 특징 및 형상
    • 아크 접점
    • 슬라이딩 접점
    • 전기 접점
      • 스위치
      • 릴레이
      • 회로 차단기
      • 모터 제어 장치
      • 배선
      • 기타 전류 전달 장치
    • 버튼
      • 단층 구조
      • 다층 구조
    • 리벳
      • 단일체 리벳
      • 다층 리벳

제10장 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 시장 : 지역별

  • 서론
  • 북미
    • 개요
    • 북미의 주요 제조업체
    • 미국
    • 캐나다
  • 유럽
    • 개요
    • 유럽의 주요 제조업체
    • 독일
    • 영국
    • 프랑스
    • 이탈리아
    • 스페인
    • 네덜란드
    • 스웨덴
    • 러시아
    • 폴란드
    • 기타
  • 아시아태평양(APAC)
    • 개요
    • 아시아태평양의 주요 제조업체
    • 중국
    • 인도
    • 일본
    • 한국
    • 호주
    • 인도네시아
    • 태국
    • 필리핀
    • 기타
  • 라틴아메리카(LATAM)
    • 개요
    • 라틴아메리카의 주요 제조업체
    • 브라질
    • 멕시코
    • 아르헨티나
    • 콜롬비아
    • 기타
  • 중동 및 아프리카(MEA)
    • 개요
    • 중동 및 아프리카의 주요 제조업체
    • 사우디아라비아
    • 아랍에미리트(UAE)
    • 이스라엘
    • 튀르키예
    • 알제리
    • 이집트
    • 기타

제11장 주요 공급업체 분석 : 전력 및 산업용 구리 및 은 부품 업계

  • 경쟁 대시보드
    • 경쟁 벤치마킹
    • 경쟁 포지셔닝
  • 기업 프로파일
    • Chugai Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
    • Concept Metal Group
    • Eckart(A company of ALTANA Group)
    • ILF Ltd.
    • Johnson Matthey
    • Juxing Electrical Contact Technology Pte Ltd.
    • KMD Group
    • Lemco Precision SA
    • M. Holland Company
    • MacLean-Fogg Company
    • Electrical Contacts International Inc.(ECI)
    • Electrical Contacts, Ltd.(ECL)
    • EMIS Electric GmbH
    • ESARIS
    • Fotofab, LLC.
    • Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.
    • Alloy Holdings LLC
    • ALPS ALPINE CO., LTD
    • Aviva Metals
    • CHECON LLC
    • Guilin Coninst Electrical &Electronic Material Co., Ltd.(Guilin Coninst)
    • Hindalco Industries Ltd.
    • Makin Metal Powders(UK) Ltd.
    • METALOR Technologies SA
    • Modison Limited
    • Munot Metalloys
    • Norstan, Inc.
    • Silver Crown Power Products(P) Ltd.
    • ThyssenKrupp AG
    • Others

12장 애널리스트의 전방위적 전망

KTH

The Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market size was valued at US$ 9,789 Billion in 2024, expanding at a CAGR of 8.6% from 2025 to 2032.

The Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market includes the manufacture and supply of high-conductivity copper and silver materials used in transformers, switchgear, circuit breakers, renewable energy systems, industrial automation equipment, and high-voltage transmission networks. These metals promote efficient power distribution, superior thermal performance, and dependable industrial operations. A key driver propelling the market is the global push for grid modernization and renewable energy integration, both of which necessitate advanced conductive components. To improve energy efficiency, smart grids and IoT-enabled industrial equipment are incorporating silver-enhanced contacts. However, the industry is constrained by fluctuations in raw material prices, particularly silver, which raises production costs. Despite this challenge, the accelerating deployment of clean energy projects and industrial electrification presents a significant opportunity, as demand for long-lasting, high-performance copper and silver components increases.

Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market- Market Dynamics

Growing Demand for Consumer Electronics

The rapid growth of consumer electronics is indirectly benefiting the copper and silver components market in the power and industrial sectors. As the global adoption of smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, and smart home technologies grows, so does the need for high-performance conductive materials in upstream manufacturing and supporting industrial systems. According to IDC, global smartphone shipments are expected to reach 1.38 billion units by 2023, demonstrating the massive volume of devices that rely on precise electrical interconnects and high-reliability circuitry. Copper and silver are still used in the manufacture of connectors, switches, relays, power control modules, and semiconductor packaging equipment used on electronics production lines. The ongoing trend of device miniaturization emphasizes the need for advanced copper and silver alloys that provide superior conductivity, thermal stability, and durability at the micro-scale. As a result, the surge in consumer electronics is emerging as a critical indirect growth driver for copper and silver components in the larger power and industrial markets.

Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market- Segmentation Analysis:

The worldwide market is segmented on the basis of Material, Type, Component, and Region.

Component segmentation, the electrical contacts segment takes over the copper and silver components market for power and industrial applications, owing to the demand for highly conductive, long-lasting, and low-resistance materials in switchgear, circuit breakers, relays, transformers, and control systems. Copper and silver continue to be the preferred materials because they provide minimal power loss, stable performance under high load cycles, and excellent arc resistance-all of which are critical requirements in utilities, industrial automation, and renewable energy infrastructures. Growing electrification, increased adoption of smart grids, and expanded industrial machinery usage all contribute to this segment's dominance. For example, in July 2021, KMD Group introduced high-purity copper strips designed specifically for current-carrying components, with superior electrical and thermal conductivity and exceptional formability-features that make them ideal for producing advanced electrical contacts. This continued innovation demonstrates why electrical contacts remain a key revenue driver in the market.

Based on Material, Type segment, Copper and copper alloys command the copper and silver components market due to their superior electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, thermal efficiency, and cost-effectiveness, making them indispensable in power transmission, electrical distribution, industrial automation, and semiconductor applications. Their versatility makes them suitable for a wide range of applications, including connectors, busbars, switches, relays, and high-precision components that require durability and a high current carrying capacity. As industries increasingly rely on electrification and high-performance electronic systems, the segment grows. For example, in December 2024, Umicore acquired Shinhao Materials LLC, forming Umicore Suzhou Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. (USSM). This expansion broadened Umicore's portfolio to include advanced copper plating additives (IntraCu(R) technology), which support semiconductor packaging and overlap with coatings used in connectors and contact materials, highlighting copper's strategic importance in next-generation industrial and power technologies.

Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market- Geographical Insights

North America remains a key regional market, bolstered by ongoing investments in smart grid upgrades, advanced transmission networks, and widespread adoption of low- and medium-voltage switchgear-applications that rely heavily on high-conductivity copper and silver components. Meanwhile, the Middle East and Africa are experiencing steady growth as governments modernize power infrastructure and expand industrial capacity. Latin America's market is also expanding, driven by increased residential electrification, renewable energy installations, and small-scale industrial development. These regions represent a growing global demand for copper and silver components that improve energy efficiency, reduce losses, and support modern, resilient power systems.

United States Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market- Country Insights

The United States is the key market in North America, driven by strong automotive, electronics, and energy infrastructure sectors that rely heavily on high-conductivity copper and silver components. The rapid adoption of electric vehicles, aided by major manufacturers such as Ford, General Motors, and Tesla, is driving up demand for copper-rich motors, wiring systems, and power electronics. According to the IEA, the United States will have over 1.7 million electric vehicles on the road by 2020, emphasising the growing demand for dependable conductive materials. Furthermore, the country's accelerating transition to renewable energy promotes market growth. According to SEIA, the United States installed 19.2 GW of solar PV capacity in 2020, increasing the demand for copper busbars, connectors, and silver-based contact materials, which are required for efficient power transmission and industrial operations.

Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market- Competitive Landscape:

The competitive landscape for copper and silver components in the power and industrial markets is a mix of material experts and component innovators. Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. competes by offering integrated power electronics and switchgear solutions that include high-performance conductive components for industrial and utility applications. Alloy Holdings LLC distinguishes itself as a metallurgical supplier specializing in advanced copper and copper-alloy technologies designed to meet demanding electrical and thermal requirements. ALPS ALPINE CO., LTD. excels in precision connectors and electronic interconnects, providing compact, dependable contact systems for industrial controls and EV electronics. Aviva Metals focuses on engineered copper products and custom busbar solutions that prioritize conductivity, machinability, and corrosion resistance. Material purity, electrical/thermal performance, regulatory certification, and the ability to deliver scalable, application-specific solutions in renewables, utilities, and industrial automation are all important factors in the competition.

Recent Developments:

In January 2023, Plug Power, a leading supplier of turnkey hydrogen solutions for the global green hydrogen economy, and Johnson Matthey, a global leader in sustainable technologies, announced a long-term strategic partnership to accelerate the green hydrogen economy.

In December 2024, Umicore completed a bolt-on acquisition of Shinhao Materials LLC, forming Umicore Suzhou Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. (USSM) in China. This expanded Umicore's product line to include advanced copper plating additives (IntraCu(R) technology) for semiconductor packaging, which overlaps with connector and contact material coatings.

SCOPE OF THE REPORT

The scope of this report covers the market by its major segments, which include as follows:

GLOBAL COPPER AND SILVER COMPONENTS IN POWER AND INDUSTRIAL MARKET KEY PLAYERS- DETAILED COMPETITIVE INSIGHTS

  • Chugai Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
  • Concept Metal Group
  • Eckart (A company of ALTANA Group)
  • ILF Ltd.
  • Johnson Matthey
  • Juxing Electrical Contact Technology Pte Ltd.
  • KMD Group
  • Lemco Precision SA
  • M. Holland Company
  • MacLean-Fogg Company
  • Electrical Contacts International Inc. (ECI)
  • Electrical Contacts, Ltd. (ECL)
  • EMIS Electric GmbH
  • ESARIS
  • Fotofab, LLC.
  • Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.
  • Alloy Holdings LLC
  • ALPS ALPINE CO., LTD
  • Aviva Metals
  • CHECON LLC
  • Guilin Coninst Electrical & Electronic Material Co., Ltd. (Guilin Coninst)
  • Hindalco Industries Ltd.
  • Makin Metal Powders (UK) Ltd.
  • METALOR Technologies SA
  • Modison Limited
  • Munot Metalloys
  • Norstan, Inc.
  • Silver Crown Power Products (P) Ltd.
  • ThyssenKrupp AG
  • Others

GLOBAL COPPER AND SILVER COMPONENTS IN POWER AND INDUSTRIAL MARKET, BY MATERIAL- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2019 - 2032

  • Silver Tungsten Carbide Graphite
  • Silver Molybdenum
  • Braze Alloy
  • Silver Nickel
  • Silver Cadmium Oxide
  • Silver Tungsten
  • Silver Graphite
  • Fine Silver
  • Silver Tin Oxide
  • Silver Cast Alloys
  • Copper Tungsten
  • Silver Tungsten Carbide
  • Steel & Nickel Monel
  • Copper & Copper Alloys

GLOBAL COPPER AND SILVER COMPONENTS IN POWER AND INDUSTRIAL MARKET, BY TYPE- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2019 - 2032

  • Cadmium-based
  • Cadmium-free

GLOBAL COPPER AND SILVER COMPONENTS IN POWER AND INDUSTRIAL MARKET, BY COMPONENT- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2019 - 2032

  • Refractory Contacts
  • Contact Tips
  • Surface Features and Shapes
  • Arcing Contacts
  • Sliding Contacts
  • Electrical Contacts
  • Switches
  • Relays
  • Circuit-breakers
  • Motor Controls
  • Wiring
  • Other Current-carrying Devices
  • Buttons
  • Single Layer
  • Multilayer
  • Rivets
  • Solid
  • Multilayer

GLOBAL COPPER AND SILVER COMPONENTS IN POWER AND INDUSTRIAL MARKET, BY REGION- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2019 - 2032

  • North America
  • U.S.
  • Canada
  • Europe
  • Germany
  • UK
  • France
  • Italy
  • Spain
  • The Netherlands
  • Sweden
  • Russia
  • Poland
  • Rest of Europe
  • Asia Pacific
  • China
  • India
  • Japan
  • South Korea
  • Australia
  • Indonesia
  • Thailand
  • Philippines
  • Rest of APAC
  • Latin America
  • Brazil
  • Mexico
  • Argentina
  • Colombia
  • Rest of LATAM
  • The Middle East and Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
  • Israel
  • Turkey
  • Algeria
  • Egypt
  • Rest of MEA

Table of Contents

1. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Overview

  • 1.1. Study Scope
  • 1.2. Market Estimation Years

2. Executive Summary

  • 2.1. Market Snippet
    • 2.1.1. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Snippet by Material
    • 2.1.2. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Snippet by Type
    • 2.1.3. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Snippet by Component
    • 2.1.4. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Snippet by Country
    • 2.1.5. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Snippet by Region
  • 2.2. Competitive Insights

3. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Key Market Trends

  • 3.1. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Drivers
    • 3.1.1. Impact Analysis of Market Drivers
  • 3.2. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Restraints
    • 3.2.1. Impact Analysis of Market Restraints
  • 3.3. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Opportunities
  • 3.4. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Future Trends

4. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Industry Study

  • 4.1. PEST Analysis
  • 4.2. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 4.3. Growth Prospect Mapping
  • 4.4. Regulatory Framework Analysis

5. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market: Impact of Escalating Geopolitical Tensions

  • 5.1. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic
  • 5.2. Impact of Russia-Ukraine War
  • 5.3. Impact of Middle East Conflicts

6. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Landscape

  • 6.1. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market Share Analysis, 2024
  • 6.2. Breakdown Data, by Key Manufacturer
    • 6.2.1. Established Players' Analysis
    • 6.2.2. Emerging Players' Analysis

7. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market - By Material

  • 7.1. Overview
    • 7.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Material, 2024 & 2032 (%)
    • 7.1.2. Silver Tungsten Carbide Graphite
    • 7.1.3. Silver Molybdenum
    • 7.1.4. Braze Alloy
    • 7.1.5. Silver Nickel
    • 7.1.6. Silver Cadmium Oxide
    • 7.1.7. Silver Tungsten
    • 7.1.8. Silver Graphite
    • 7.1.9. Fine Silver
    • 7.1.10. Silver Tin Oxide
    • 7.1.11. Silver Cast Alloys
    • 7.1.12. Copper Tungsten
    • 7.1.13. Silver Tungsten Carbide
    • 7.1.14. Steel & Nickel Monel
    • 7.1.15. Copper & Copper Alloys

8. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market - By Type

  • 8.1. Overview
    • 8.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Type, 2024 & 2032 (%)
    • 8.1.2. Cadmium-based
    • 8.1.3. Cadmium-free

9. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market - By Component

  • 9.1. Overview
    • 9.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Component, 2024 & 2032 (%)
    • 9.1.2. Refractory Contacts
    • 9.1.3. Contact Tips
    • 9.1.4. Surface Features and Shapes
    • 9.1.5. Arcing Contacts
    • 9.1.6. Sliding Contacts
    • 9.1.7. Electrical Contacts
      • 9.1.7.1. Switches
      • 9.1.7.2. Relays
      • 9.1.7.3. Circuit-breakers
      • 9.1.7.4. Motor Controls
      • 9.1.7.5. Wiring
      • 9.1.7.6. Other Current-carrying Devices
    • 9.1.8. Buttons
      • 9.1.8.1. Single Layer
      • 9.1.8.2. Multilayer
    • 9.1.9. Rivets
      • 9.1.9.1. Solid
      • 9.1.9.2. Multilayer

10. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Market- By Geography

  • 10.1. Introduction
    • 10.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Geography, 2024 & 2032 (%)
  • 10.2. North America
    • 10.2.1. Overview
    • 10.2.2. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Key Manufacturers in North America
    • 10.2.3. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.2.4. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.2.5. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.2.6. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.2.7. U.S.
      • 10.2.7.1. Overview
      • 10.2.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.2.7.3. U.S. Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.2.7.4. U.S. Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.2.7.5. U.S. Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.2.8. Canada
      • 10.2.8.1. Overview
      • 10.2.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.2.8.3. Canada Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.2.8.4. Canada Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.2.8.5. Canada Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
  • 10.3. Europe
    • 10.3.1. Overview
    • 10.3.2. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Key Manufacturers in Europe
    • 10.3.3. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.4. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.5. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.6. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.7. Germany
      • 10.3.7.1. Overview
      • 10.3.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.7.3. Germany Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.7.4. Germany Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.7.5. Germany Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.8. UK
      • 10.3.8.1. Overview
      • 10.3.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.8.3. UK Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.8.4. UK Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.8.5. UK Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.9. France
      • 10.3.9.1. Overview
      • 10.3.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.9.3. France Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.9.4. France Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.9.5. France Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.10. Italy
      • 10.3.10.1. Overview
      • 10.3.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.10.3. Italy Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.10.4. Italy Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.10.5. Italy Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.11. Spain
      • 10.3.11.1. Overview
      • 10.3.11.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.11.3. Spain Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.11.4. Spain Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.11.5. Spain Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.12. The Netherlands
      • 10.3.12.1. Overview
      • 10.3.12.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.12.3. The Netherlands Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.12.4. The Netherlands Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.12.5. The Netherlands Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.13. Sweden
      • 10.3.13.1. Overview
      • 10.3.13.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.13.3. Sweden Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.13.4. Sweden Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.13.5. Sweden Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.14. Russia
      • 10.3.14.1. Overview
      • 10.3.14.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.14.3. Russia Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.14.4. Russia Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.14.5. Russia Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.15. Poland
      • 10.3.15.1. Overview
      • 10.3.15.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.15.3. Poland Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.15.4. Poland Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.15.5. Poland Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.3.16. Rest of Europe
      • 10.3.16.1. Overview
      • 10.3.16.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.16.3. Rest of the Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.16.4. Rest of the Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.3.16.5. Rest of the Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
  • 10.4. Asia Pacific (APAC)
    • 10.4.1. Overview
    • 10.4.2. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Key Manufacturers in Asia Pacific
    • 10.4.3. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.4. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.5. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.6. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.7. China
      • 10.4.7.1. Overview
      • 10.4.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.7.3. China Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.7.4. China Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.7.5. China Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.8. India
      • 10.4.8.1. Overview
      • 10.4.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.8.3. India Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.8.4. India Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.8.5. India Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.9. Japan
      • 10.4.9.1. Overview
      • 10.4.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.9.3. Japan Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.9.4. Japan Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.9.5. Japan Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.10. South Korea
      • 10.4.10.1. Overview
      • 10.4.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.10.3. South Korea Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.10.4. South Korea Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.10.5. South Korea Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.11. Australia
      • 10.4.11.1. Overview
      • 10.4.11.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.11.3. Australia Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.11.4. Australia Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.11.5. Australia Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.12. Indonesia
      • 10.4.12.1. Overview
      • 10.4.12.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.12.3. Indonesia Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.12.4. Indonesia Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.12.5. Indonesia Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.13. Thailand
      • 10.4.13.1. Overview
      • 10.4.13.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.13.3. Thailand Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.13.4. Thailand Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.13.5. Thailand Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.14. Philippines
      • 10.4.14.1. Overview
      • 10.4.14.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.14.3. Philippines Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.14.4. Philippines Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.14.5. Philippines Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.4.15. Rest of APAC
      • 10.4.15.1. Overview
      • 10.4.15.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.15.3. Rest of APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.15.4. Rest of APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.4.15.5. Rest of APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
  • 10.5. Latin America (LATAM)
    • 10.5.1. Overview
    • 10.5.2. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Key Manufacturers in Latin America
    • 10.5.3. LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.5.4. LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.5.5. LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.5.6. LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.5.7. Brazil
      • 10.5.7.1. Overview
      • 10.5.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.7.3. Brazil Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.7.4. Brazil Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.7.5. Brazil Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.5.8. Mexico
      • 10.5.8.1. Overview
      • 10.5.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.8.3. Mexico Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.8.4. Mexico Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.8.5. Mexico Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.5.9. Argentina
      • 10.5.9.1. Overview
      • 10.5.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.9.3. Argentina Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.9.4. Argentina Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.9.5. Argentina Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.5.10. Colombia
      • 10.5.10.1. Overview
      • 10.5.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.10.3. Colombia Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.10.4. Colombia Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.10.5. Colombia Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.5.11. Rest of LATAM
      • 10.5.11.1. Overview
      • 10.5.11.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.11.3. Rest of LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.11.4. Rest of LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.5.11.5. Rest of LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
  • 10.6. Middle East and Africa (MEA)
    • 10.6.1. Overview
    • 10.6.2. Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Key Manufacturers in Middle East and Africa
    • 10.6.3. MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.4. MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.5. MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.6. MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.7. Saudi Arabia
      • 10.6.7.1. Overview
      • 10.6.7.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.7.3. Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.7.4. Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.7.5. Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.8. UAE
      • 10.6.8.1. Overview
      • 10.6.8.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.8.3. UAE Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.8.4. UAE Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.8.5. UAE Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.9. Israel
      • 10.6.9.1. Overview
      • 10.6.9.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.9.3. Israel Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.9.4. Israel Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.9.5. Israel Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.10. Turkey
      • 10.6.10.1. Overview
      • 10.6.10.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.10.3. Turkey Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.10.4. Turkey Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.10.5. Turkey Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.11. Algeria
      • 10.6.11.1. Overview
      • 10.6.11.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.11.3. Algeria Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.11.4. Algeria Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.11.5. Algeria Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.12. Egypt
      • 10.6.12.1. Overview
      • 10.6.12.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.12.3. Egypt Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.12.4. Egypt Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.12.5. Egypt Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
    • 10.6.13. Rest of MEA
      • 10.6.13.1. Overview
      • 10.6.13.2. Market Analysis, Forecast, and Y-O-Y Growth Rate, 2019 - 2032, (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.13.3. Rest of MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Material, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.13.4. Rest of MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Type, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)
      • 10.6.13.5. Rest of MEA Market Size and Forecast, By Component, 2019 - 2032 (US$ Million)

11. Key Vendor Analysis- Copper and Silver Components in Power and Industrial Industry

  • 11.1. Competitive Benchmarking
    • 11.1.1. Competitive Dashboard
    • 11.1.2. Competitive Positioning
  • 11.2. Company Profiles
    • 11.2.1. Chugai Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
    • 11.2.2. Concept Metal Group
    • 11.2.3. Eckart (A company of ALTANA Group)
    • 11.2.4. ILF Ltd.
    • 11.2.5. Johnson Matthey
    • 11.2.6. Juxing Electrical Contact Technology Pte Ltd.
    • 11.2.7. KMD Group
    • 11.2.8. Lemco Precision SA
    • 11.2.9. M. Holland Company
    • 11.2.10. MacLean-Fogg Company
    • 11.2.11. Electrical Contacts International Inc. (ECI)
    • 11.2.12. Electrical Contacts, Ltd. (ECL)
    • 11.2.13. EMIS Electric GmbH
    • 11.2.14. ESARIS
    • 11.2.15. Fotofab, LLC.
    • 11.2.16. Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.
    • 11.2.17. Alloy Holdings LLC
    • 11.2.18. ALPS ALPINE CO., LTD
    • 11.2.19. Aviva Metals
    • 11.2.20. CHECON LLC
    • 11.2.21. Guilin Coninst Electrical & Electronic Material Co., Ltd. (Guilin Coninst)
    • 11.2.22. Hindalco Industries Ltd.
    • 11.2.23. Makin Metal Powders (UK) Ltd.
    • 11.2.24. METALOR Technologies SA
    • 11.2.25. Modison Limited
    • 11.2.26. Munot Metalloys
    • 11.2.27. Norstan, Inc.
    • 11.2.28. Silver Crown Power Products (P) Ltd.
    • 11.2.29. ThyssenKrupp AG
    • 11.2.30. Others

12. 360 Degree AnalystView

13. Appendix

  • 13.1. Research Methodology
  • 13.2. References
  • 13.3. Abbreviations
  • 13.4. Disclaimer
  • 13.5. Contact Us
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