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시장보고서
상품코드
2143299
스마트 서모스탯 시장 : 접속 기술별, 전력별, 제품별, 설치 형태별, 동작 전압별, 업계별, 국가별, 지역별 - 업계 분석, 시장 규모, 시장 점유율, 예측(2026-2033년)Smart Thermostat Market, By Connectivity Technology, By Power Source, By Product, By Installation Type, By Operating Voltage, By Vertical, By Country, and By Region -Global Industry Analysis, Market Size, Market Share & Forecast from 2026-2033 |
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스마트 서모스탯 시장 규모는 2025년에 54억 6,030만 달러로 평가되었고, 2026-2033년 CAGR 19.7%를 기록할 전망입니다.
스마트 서모스탯은 스마트 빌딩을 활용하여 IoT 연결 기기를 상호 연동시키는 기능, AI 기능을 통한 학습, 능동적 지오펜싱, 저전력 소비, 그리고 향후 가상 개인 비서와의 연동과 같은 기능을 갖추고 있어 ‘스마트’라고 불립니다. 스마트 서모스탯은 유선 또는 무선 방식 중 하나로 설치할 수 있으며, 기능과 성능은 동일합니다. 그러나 이러한 유형의 기기는 동일한 기능을 갖추고 있으면서도 설치 과정이 다른, 원격지에 설치된 통신 장치를 활용하고 있습니다.
이들은 원격지에 있는 전자 기기와 연결 가능한 소비자용 기기입니다. 이러한 기기들은 비즈니스 환경과 가정 환경 모두에서 유사한 기능을 가지고 활용되고 있습니다. IoT 기술을 활용한 HVAC 시스템 개발이라는 관점에서 HVAC 업계와 IoT 기술의 통합을 통해 스마트 서모스탯 시장은 유망한 성장을 이루고 있습니다. 이로 인해 가전제품의 원격 제어가 가능해졌으며, 보다 고객 중심의 서비스가 제공되고 있습니다. 이러한 요인들로 인해 주거용 및 상업용 스마트 서모스탯의 보급이 가속화될 것으로 예측됩니다.
스마트 서모스탯 시장 - 시장 역학
시장 수요를 뒷받침하는 스마트 기기 이용 확대
스마트 기기 이용 확대가 스마트 서모스탯 시장을 견인하고 있습니다. 이러한 기기들은 사용자가 자택이나 건물의 실내 온도를 자동으로 제어하는 데 도움이 되기 때문입니다. 에너지 소비 효율이 향상되고 원격 모니터링이 용이해지며, 사용자의 취향과 요구에 따라 냉난방을 통해 쾌적한 환경을 조성할 수 있게 됩니다. 예를 들어, 미국 상무부(Gov)에 따르면 2026년 1월까지 네덜란드의 IoT 시장 규모는 2026년 IoT 서비스를 제외하고 76억 7,000만 달러에 달할 것으로 전망됩니다. 이러한 성장은 연결 기술의 보급이 확대되고 있으며, 5G 네트워크 및 클라우드 컴퓨팅에 대한 투자가 증가하고 있기 때문이라고 설명할 수 있습니다. IoT 시장은 2028년까지 연평균 성장률(CAGR) 16% 이상으로 성장할 것으로 전망됩니다. 네덜란드 IoT 시장 특징은 광대역 연결 가구가 98%를 차지한다는 점이며, 이는 디지털 인프라가 고도로 정비되어 있음을 보여줍니다. 이러한 견고한 디지털 기반이 스마트 기기의 보급을 가속화하고, 스마트 서모스탯에 대한 수요를 뒷받침하고 있습니다.
스마트 서모스탯 시장 - 시장 세분화 분석 :
전 세계 스마트 서모스탯 시장은 연결 기술, 전원, 제품, 설치 형태, 작동 전압, 산업 분야 및 지역을 기준으로 세분화되어 있습니다.
연결 기술별로는 무선 연결을 통해 원격 설정 변경, 소프트웨어 업데이트, 홈 오토메이션 시스템 연동이 가능해져 온도조절기 도입이 용이해졌습니다. Google Nest Learning Thermostat은 2.4GHz 및 5GHz Wi-Fi를 모두 지원하므로 가정 내 네트워크에 원활하게 통합됩니다. 또한 Google Home과 Nest Help가 이러한 기기를 지원하여 관리가 간편해졌습니다. 그러나 유선 연결이 여전히 구식이라고 할 수는 없습니다. 빌딩 분야에서는 Siemens가 BACnet MS/TP를 사용하여 빌딩 관리 시스템과 통신하는 실내 온도 조절기를 제공합니다. 이는 유선 솔루션이 이러한 환경에서 여전히 강점을 유지하고 있음을 보여줍니다. 에너지 효율 향상은 상업 분야 전반에서 계속해서 수요를 견인하고 있습니다. 미국 환경보호청(EPA)에 따르면, ENERGY STAR 인증을 받은 스마트 서모스탯은 냉난방 비용을 8% 절감할 수 있다고 합니다. 이러한 절약 효과는 사람들에게 중요한 의미를 지닙니다. 온도 조절기를 선택할 때, 사람들은 연결 방식뿐만 아니라 기존 네트워크 환경, 설치 난이도, 다른 기기와의 연동성, 그리고 신뢰성 등도 고려합니다. 연결성은 구매 결정에 영향을 미치는 여러 요소 중 하나에 불과합니다.
스마트 서모스탯 시장 - 지역별 분석
아시아태평양은 가정, 상업, 산업 분야에서의 스마트폰 및 스마트 전자기기 이용 확대에 힘입어 주요 시장으로 부상하고 있습니다. 예를 들어, IBEF에 따르면 2025년 11월 기준 인도의 스마트 홈 기기 보급률은 8-10%(코로나19 팬데믹 이전 수준은 4% 미만)에 달하며, 이는 스마트 전자기기 시장 부문의 성장을 명확히 보여줍니다. 103억 달러로 추정되던 인도의 스마트 홈 시장 규모는 2028년에는 160억 3,000만 달러에 달할 것으로 예측되며, 그중 보안 기기가 시장 점유율의 14%를 차지할 것으로 전망됩니다. 이러한 제품들은 소비자 지지율이 높은데, 예를 들어 스마트 전구의 NPS는 72, 스마트 플러그는 66, 스마트 공기청정기는 85로 나타나며, 이러한 요인들이 스마트 기기 이용 확대에 기여하고 있습니다. 스마트 기기의 보급이 확대됨에 따라 해당 지역 시장 성장은 더욱 가속화될 것으로 예측됩니다.
목차
제1장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 개요
제2장 주요 요약
제3장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 동향
제4장 스마트 서모스탯 산업 분석
제5장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 : 높아지는 지정학적 긴장의 영향
제6장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 상황
제7장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 : 접속 기술별
제8장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 : 전력별
제9장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 : 제품별
제10장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 : 설치 형태별
제11장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 : 동작 전압별
제12장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 : 업계별
제13장 스마트 서모스탯 시장 : 지역별
제14장 주요 벤더 분석 : 스마트 서모스탯 산업
제15장 AnalystView 전방위 전망
LSH 26.10.19Smart Thermostat market size was valued at US$ 5,460.3 Million in 2025, expanding at a CAGR of 19.7% from 2026 to 2033.
Smart Thermostat, which is referred to as "smart" because of the capabilities of interlinking the connected devices in IoTs using smart building, learning from the AI capabilities, active geofencing, low power usage and connectivity with future virtual personal assistants. Smart thermostats can be installed either through a wired way or a wireless way with the same level of capability and features. But this kind of device utilises a communication device located at a distant place with the same capability but with a different installation process.
These are the consumer devices that can be connected with the electronic devices in the remote land. The use of these devices can be witnessed in both business and household environments with the same functions. With the view of the development of the HVAC system with the aid of IoT technology, there has been promising growth in the Smart Thermostat market because of the integration of the HVAC industry and IoT technology, which have facilitated the remote control of home appliances, providing more customer-centric services. These factors are expected to accelerate smart thermostat adoption across residential and commercial applications.
Smart Thermostat Market- Market Dynamics
Increasing Use Of Smart Devices To Support Market Demand
Increasing use of smart devices is driving the Smart Thermostat market because these devices help the user to control the temperature of their home or building automatically. Energy consumption becomes more efficient, remote monitoring becomes easier, and personal comfort in terms of heating and cooling becomes possible depending on the preference and needs of the user. For instance, according to the U.S. Department of Commerce (Gov), by January 2026, the IoT market in the Netherlands will amount to $7.67 billion, excluding the IoT services in 2026. This growth may be explained by the increasing adoption of connectivity technologies and investments into 5G networks and cloud computing. The Internet of Things market will show growth at a CAGR over 16% up to 2028. The Internet of Things market in the Netherlands is characterized by 98% of broadband-connected households, which indicates a highly developed digital infrastructure. This strong digital foundation is accelerating smart device adoption and supporting demand for smart thermostats.
Smart Thermostat Market- Segmentation Analysis:
The Global Smart Thermostat market is segmented on the basis of Connectivity Technology, Power Source, Product, Installation Type, Operating Voltage, Vertical, and Region.
In terms of connectivity technology, Wireless connectivity makes it easier to adopt thermostats by allowing remote changes, software updates and connections to home automation systems. The Google Nest Learning Thermostat works with both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Wi-Fi so it fits well with home networks. Google Home and Nest Help support these devices making them simple to manage. Still wired connections are not outdated. In buildings Siemens provides room thermostats that use BACnet MS/TP to communicate with building management systems. This shows that wired solutions remain strong in environments. Energy efficiency continues to drive demand in both commercial areas. The U.S. EPA says ENERGY STAR certified smart thermostats can reduce heating and cooling costs by 8%. That kind of savings matters to people. When choosing a thermostat people look at more than just the type of connection. They consider existing network setup, how tricky the installation might be, whether it works well with devices and how reliable it is. Connectivity is one of many factors, in the decision.
Smart Thermostat Market- Geographical Insights
The Asia-Pacific region has emerged as a key market due to increased usage of smartphones and smart electronic devices in domestic, commercial, and industrial areas. For instance, in November 2025, according to IBEF, the adoption of smart home devices in India became 8-10% (a pre-COVID level of less than 4%), and that clearly indicates the growth of the smart electronic device market segment. The valuation of the smart home market in India, which was estimated at $10,300 million, is forecasted to reach $16,030 million in 2028, with security devices to account for 14% of the market share. These products have high consumer acceptance levels; for example, NPS is 72 for smart bulbs, 66 for smart plugs, and 85 for smart air purifiers, which are factors that have contributed to the use of these smart devices. This growing adoption of smart devices is expected to further strengthen the region's market growth.
Smart Thermostat Market- Competitive Landscape:
Leading players in the smart thermostat industry, including Google (Nest Labs), Honeywell, Ecobee, Emerson Electric, and Johnson Controls, have been trying to establish their presence in the smart thermostat industry by means of forming partnerships and developing technologies. They are focusing on AI as well as innovations that could be used for smart thermostats. In October 2025, Google has partnered with the artist Mathilde Loubes in order to enhance the Nest Learning Thermostat (4th Gen) and provide four Farsight display face options, including one animated design that changes with different seasons each month. Thus, key players are making efforts to innovate smart thermostat technologies.
Recent Developments:
In December 2025, Resideo released the Honeywell Home X8S smart thermostat, which is equipped with a 5-inch touchscreen, Matter, indoor air quality monitoring, and HVAC performance alerts and is compatible with Ring and First Alert video doorbells for live video and intercom functions.
SCOPE OF THE REPORT
The scope of this report covers the market by its major segments, which include as follows:
GLOBAL SMART THERMOSTAT MARKET KEY PLAYERS- DETAILED COMPETITIVE INSIGHTS
- Google Nest (Nest Labs Inc.)
- Resideo Technologies, Inc.
- ecobee Inc.
- Emerson Electric Co. (Sensi)
- Schneider Electric SE
- Lennox International Inc.
- Carrier Global Corporation
- Control4 Corporation
- tado GmbH
- Alarm.com Holdings, Inc.
- Centrica Hive Limited
- Lux Products Corporation
- Mysa Smart Thermostats
- Johnson Controls International plc
- Siemens AG
- Bosch Thermotechnology
- Trane Technologies plc
- Netatmo SA
- Others
GLOBAL SMART THERMOSTAT MARKET, BY CONNECTIVITY TECHNOLOGY- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2020 - 2033
- Wired Network
- Wireless Network
- Bluetooth
- Z-Wave
- Zigbee
- Wi-Fi
GLOBAL SMART THERMOSTAT MARKET, BY POWER SOURCE- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2020 - 2033
- Hard-Wired / Mains-Powered
- Battery-Powered
GLOBAL SMART THERMOSTAT MARKET, BY PRODUCT- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2020 - 2033
- Learning Smart Thermostat
- Connected Smart Thermostat
- Standalone Smart Thermostat
GLOBAL SMART THERMOSTAT MARKET, BY INSTALLATION TYPE- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2020 - 2033
- Retrofit Installation
- New Installation
GLOBAL SMART THERMOSTAT MARKET, BY OPERATING VOLTAGE- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2020 - 2033
- Low-Voltage Smart Thermostats
- Line-Voltage Smart Thermostats
- Others
GLOBAL SMART THERMOSTAT MARKET, BY VERTICAL- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2020 - 2033
- Industrial
- Commercial
- Hospitality Centers
- Educational Institutes
- Offices
- Retail
- Residential
- Others
GLOBAL SMART THERMOSTAT MARKET, BY REGION- MARKET ANALYSIS, 2020 - 2033
- North America
- U.S.
- Canada
- Europe
- Germany
- UK
- France
- Italy
- Spain
- The Netherlands
- Sweden
- Russia
- Poland
- Denmark
- Rest of Europe
- Asia Pacific
- China
- India
- Japan
- South Korea
- Australia
- Indonesia
- Thailand
- Philippines
- Taiwan
- Vietnam
- Rest of APAC
- Latin America
- Brazil
- Mexico
- Argentina
- Colombia
- Rest of LATAM
- The Middle East and Africa
- Saudi Arabia
- UAE
- Israel
- Turkey
- Algeria
- Egypt
- Iran
- Qatar
- Rest of MEA
Table of Contents
1. Smart Thermostat Market Overview
- 1.1. Study Scope
- 1.2. Market Estimation Years
2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Market Snippet
- 2.2. Competitive Insights
3. Smart Thermostat Key Market Trends
- 3.1. Smart Thermostat Market Drivers
- 3.1.1. Impact Analysis of Market Drivers
- 3.2. Smart Thermostat Market Restraints
- 3.2.1. Impact Analysis of Market Restraints
- 3.3. Smart Thermostat Market Opportunities
- 3.4. Smart Thermostat Market Future Trends
4. Smart Thermostat Industry Study
- 4.1. PEST Analysis
- 4.2. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
- 4.3. Growth Prospect Mapping
- 4.4. Regulatory Framework Analysis
5. Smart Thermostat Market : Impact of Escalating Geopolitical Tensions
- 5.1. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic
- 5.2. Impact of Russia-Ukraine War
- 5.3. Impact of Middle East Conflicts
6. Smart Thermostat Market Landscape
- 6.1. Smart Thermostat Market Share Analysis, 2025
- 6.2. Breakdown Data, by Key Manufacturer
- 6.2.1. Established Players' Analysis
- 6.2.2. Emerging Players' Analysis
7. Smart Thermostat Market - By Connectivity Technology
- 7.1. Overview
- 7.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Connectivity Technology, 2025 & 2033 (%)
- 7.1.2. Wired Network
- 7.1.3. Wireless Network
- 7.1.3.1. Bluetooth
- 7.1.3.2. Z-Wave
- 7.1.3.3. Zigbee
- 7.1.3.4. Wi-Fi
8. Smart Thermostat Market - By Power Source
- 8.1. Overview
- 8.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Power Source, 2025 & 2033 (%)
- 8.1.2. Hard-Wired / Mains-Powered
- 8.1.3. Battery-Powered
9. Smart Thermostat Market - By Product
- 9.1. Overview
- 9.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Product, 2025 & 2033 (%)
- 9.1.2. Learning Smart Thermostat
- 9.1.3. Connected Smart Thermostat
- 9.1.4. Standalone Smart Thermostat
10. Smart Thermostat Market - By Installation Type
- 10.1. Overview
- 10.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Installation Type, 2025 & 2033 (%)
- 10.1.2. Retrofit Installation
- 10.1.3. New Installation
11. Smart Thermostat Market - By Operating Voltage
- 11.1. Overview
- 11.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Operating Voltage, 2025 & 2033 (%)
- 11.1.2. Low-Voltage Smart Thermostats
- 11.1.3. Line-Voltage Smart Thermostats
- 11.1.4. Others
12. Smart Thermostat Market - By Vertical
- 12.1. Overview
- 12.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Vertical, 2025 & 2033 (%)
- 12.1.2. Industrial
- 12.1.3. Commercial
- 12.1.3.1. Hospitality Centers
- 12.1.3.2. Educational Institutes
- 12.1.3.3. Offices
- 12.1.3.4. Retail
- 12.1.4. Residential
- 12.1.5. Others
13. Smart Thermostat Market - By Geography
- 13.1. Introduction
- 13.1.1. Segment Share Analysis, By Geography, 2025 & 2033 (%)
- 13.2. North America
- 13.2.1. Overview
- 13.2.2. Smart Thermostat Key Manufacturers in North America
- 13.2.3. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.2.4. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Connectivity Technology, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.2.5. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Power Source, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.2.6. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Product, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.2.7. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Installation Type, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.2.8. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Operating Voltage, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.2.9. North America Market Size and Forecast, By Vertical, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.2.10. U.S.
- 13.2.11. Canda
- 13.3. Europe
- 13.3.1. Overview
- 13.3.2. Smart Thermostat Key Manufacturers in Europe
- 13.3.3. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.3.4. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Connectivity Technology, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.3.5. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Power Source, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.3.6. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Product, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.3.7. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Installation Type, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.3.8. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Operating Voltage, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.3.9. Europe Market Size and Forecast, By Vertical, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.3.10. Germany
- 13.3.11. UK
- 13.3.12. France
- 13.3.13. Italy
- 13.3.14. Spain
- 13.3.15. The Netherlands
- 13.3.16. Sweden
- 13.3.17. Russia
- 13.3.18. Poland
- 13.3.19. Denmark
- 13.3.20. Rest of Europe
- 13.4. Asia Pacific (APAC)
- 13.4.1. Overview
- 13.4.2. Smart Thermostat Key Manufacturers in Asia Pacific
- 13.4.3. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.4.4. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Connectivity Technology, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.4.5. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Power Source, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.4.6. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Product, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.4.7. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Installation Type, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.4.8. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Operating Voltage, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.4.9. APAC Market Size and Forecast, By Vertical, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.4.10. China
- 13.4.11. India
- 13.4.12. Japan
- 13.4.13. South Korea
- 13.4.14. Australia
- 13.4.15. Indonesia
- 13.4.16. Thailand
- 13.4.17. Philippines
- 13.4.18. Taiwan
- 13.4.19. Vietnam
- 13.4.20. Rest of APAC
- 13.5. Latin America (LATAM)
- 13.5.1. Overview
- 13.5.2. Smart Thermostat Key Manufacturers in Latin America
- 13.5.3. LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.5.4. LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Connectivity Technology, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.5.5. LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Power Source, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.5.6. LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Product, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.5.7. LATAM Market Size and Forecast, By Installation Type, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.5.8. LATAM Size and Forecast, By Operating Voltage, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.5.9. LATAM Size and Forecast, By Vertical, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.5.10. Brazil
- 13.5.11. Mexico
- 13.5.12. Argentina
- 13.5.13. Colombia
- 13.5.14. Rest of LATAM
- 13.6. Middle East and Africa
- 13.6.1. Overview
- 13.6.2. Smart Thermostat Key Manufacturers in Middle East and Africa
- 13.6.3. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Country, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.6.4. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Connectivity Technology, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.6.5. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Power Source, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.6.6. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Product, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.6.7. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Installation Type, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.6.8. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Operating Voltage, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.6.9. Middle East and Africa Market Size and Forecast, By Vertical, 2020 - 2033 (US$ Million)
- 13.6.10. Saudi Arabia
- 13.6.11. UAE
- 13.6.12. Israel
- 13.6.13. Turkey
- 13.6.14. Algeria
- 13.6.15. Egypt
- 13.6.16. Iran
- 13.6.17. Qatar
- 13.6.18. Rest of MEA
14. Key Vendor Analysis- Smart Thermostat Industry
- 14.1. Competitive Benchmarking
- 14.1.1. Competitive Dashboard
- 14.1.2. Competitive Positioning
- 14.2. Company Profiles
- 14.2.1. Google Nest (Nest Labs Inc.)
- 14.2.2. Resideo Technologies, Inc.
- 14.2.3. ecobee Inc.
- 14.2.4. Emerson Electric Co. (Sensi)
- 14.2.5. Schneider Electric SE
- 14.2.6. Lennox International Inc.
- 14.2.7. Carrier Global Corporation
- 14.2.8. Control4 Corporation
- 14.2.9. tado GmbH
- 14.2.10. Alarm.com Holdings, Inc.
- 14.2.11. Centrica Hive Limited
- 14.2.12. Lux Products Corporation
- 14.2.13. Mysa Smart Thermostats
- 14.2.14. Johnson Controls International plc
- 14.2.15. Siemens AG
- 14.2.16. Bosch Thermotechnology
- 14.2.17. Trane Technologies plc
- 14.2.18. Netatmo SA
- 14.2.19. Others
15. 360 Degree AnalystView
16. Appendix
- 16.1. Research Methodology
- 16.2. References
- 16.3. Abbreviations
- 16.4. Disclaimer
- 16.5. Contact Us
