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시장보고서
상품코드
2085372
만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 치료법별, 약제 클래스별, 제형별, 투여 경로별, 처방 상황별, 최종 사용자별, 유통 채널별, 연령층별 시장 예측(2026-2032년)Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market by Treatment Modality, Drug Class, Formulation Type, Route Of Administration, Prescription Status, End User, Distribution Channel, Age Group - Global Forecast 2026-2032 |
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360iResearch
만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장은 2032년까지 연평균 복합 성장률(CAGR) 7.93%로 성장이 전망되며, 23억 5,000만 달러 규모로 확대될 것으로 예측됩니다.
| 주요 시장 통계 | |
|---|---|
| 기준 연도 : 2025년 | 13억 7,000만 달러 |
| 추정 연도 : 2026년 | 14억 8,000만 달러 |
| 예측 연도 : 2032년 | 23억 5,000만 달러 |
| CAGR(%) | 7.93% |
만성 특발성 변비(CIC)는 특정할 수 있는 구조적, 대사적 또는 약물 관련 원인이 없음에도 불구하고, 배변 횟수의 감소, 배변 곤란, 배변 시 과도한 힘주기, 딱딱한 변, 또는 배변 후 잔변감 등의 증상을 특징으로 하는 지속적인 질환입니다. 로마 IV 등의 증상 기준에 따라 정의되고, 지침에 따른 임상 평가를 통해 진단되는 CIC는 삶의 질 저하, 노동 생산성 저하, 반복적인 병원 방문, 일반의약품 및 처방약에 의한 지속적인 치료를 수반하는 부담이 큰 기능성 위장 장애입니다.
만성 특발성 변비 치료의 틀은 식이섬유 섭취, 수분 섭취, 신체 활동, 생활 습관 개선에서 시작하여, 이어서 증상 완화를 위한 일반의약품인 삼투압성 완하제나 자극성 완하제를 사용하는 단계적 치료 모델에 기반을 두고 있습니다. 이러한 치료로 충분한 효과를 얻지 못하는 환자에게는 루비프로스톤 등의 염소 이온 채널 활성화제, 리나크로티드나 프레카나티드 등의 구아닐산 시클라제 C 작용제, 풀카로프라이드 등의 선택적 5-HT4 작용제, 만성 변비 치료에 해당 지역에서 승인된 약제가 배합됩니다. 이 치료법의 보급은 고령화의 진행, 장-뇌 상호작용 장애에 대한 인식 제고, 소화기내과 진료 접근성 확대, 난치성 변비에 대한 근거 기반 치료 경로의 활용 강화에 힘입어 이루어지고 있습니다.
CIC 치료의 전망에 있어 획기적인 변화
CIC의 치료 환경은 일시적인 증상 완화에서 개별화된 작용기전에 기반한 치료로 전환되고 있습니다. 주요 소화기병 학회의 임상 지침에서는 증상의 중증도, 과거 치료 반응, 내약성, 동반 질환, 안전성 프로파일, 환자의 희망에 맞추어 치료법을 결정하는 것의 중요성이 점점 더 강조되고 있습니다. 이에 따라 식이섬유, 폴리에틸렌글리콜, 락툴로스 또는 자극성 완하제로는 지속적인 증상 완화를 얻을 수 없는 환자에 대한 만성 특발성 변비 치료 요법에서 이 약물의 역할이 강화되었습니다.
CIC 케어에 대한 인공지능의 누적 영향
인공지능(AI)은 신약 개발, 임상 개발, 진단 지원, 환자 참여에 이르는 CIC의 치료 생태계에 영향을 미치기 시작했습니다. AI를 활용한 분석을 통해 임상 검사 데이터셋에서 치료 반응을 보이는 하위 집단을 특정하거나, 장의 운동 및 분비 경로를 모델링하거나, 현재 특발성으로 분류되는 변비의 표현형에 관한 바이오마커 탐색을 지원할 수 있게 됩니다. CIC는 이질성이 높으며, 통과 지연성 변비, 골반저 기능 장애, 약물 영향, 장-뇌 상호작용 장애와 중복될 가능성이 있으므로, 이러한 기능들은 특히 중요합니다.
세계 CIC 치료 시장의 주요 지역별 분석
북미는 확립된 진단 경로, OTC(일반의약품) 및 처방약의 폭넓은 접근성, 1차 진료 의사 및 소화기내과 의사들 사이에서 높은 인지도 덕분에 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장에서 가장 성숙한 지역 중 하나로 자리매김하고 있습니다. 미국에서는 승인된 여러 치료군과 전문의에 대한 접근성이 잘 갖춰져 있어, 혁신 의약품과 브랜드 처방약의 보급이 촉진되고 있습니다. 한편, 캐나다에서는 지침에 기반한 의료 서비스와 치료 순서에 영향을 미치는 약제 목록에 따라 보험 급여 결정이 이루어지고 있습니다.
CIC 치료 도입에 관한 주요 그룹별 인사이트
아세안(ASEAN)에서는 민간 의료 시스템의 확대, 소매 약국 네트워크의 성장, 소화기 질환에 대한 인식 제고로 인해 변비 치료에 대한 접근성이 개선되고 있습니다. 다만, 처방약의 채택 여부는 여전히 본인 부담금이나 보험 환급액의 차이에 따라 좌우되기 쉬운 상황입니다. GCC 시장은 비교적 높은 의료 지출, 전문의에 대한 접근성, 디지털 헬스케어에 대한 투자, 만성 질환 관리 인프라 구축과 같은 강점을 활용하여, 약제 목록 등재와 환자의 경제적 부담 능력이 양립하는 상황에서 브랜드 소화기 질환 치료제에 대한 수요를 뒷받침하고 있습니다.
CIC 치료 수요를 좌우하는 주요 국가별 분석
미국은 FDA 승인을 받은 처방약의 선택지가 다양하고, 일반의약품(OTC)의 접근성이 높으며, 질환에 대한 인식이 활발하고, 전문의 이용률이 높으며, 단계적 치료 및 사전 승인과 관련된 확립된 보험사 절차가 존재하기 때문에 만성 특발성 변비 치료의 주요 시장으로 자리 잡고 있습니다. 캐나다는 공공 및 민간 의약품 목록에 따라 결정되는 보다 엄격한 보험 급여 모델을 채택하고 있습니다. 한편, 멕시코와 브라질에서는 민간 의료, 소매 약국 채널, 도시 지역의 의료 접근성 향상, 기능성 장 질환에 대한 인식 제고를 통해 성장이 나타나고 있습니다.
CIC 치료 부문의 리더를 위한 실천적 제안
해당 산업의 선도 기업들은 배변 빈도에 그치지 않고, 배변 시 힘주기, 변의 경도, 복부 팽만감, 복부 불편감, 응급약 사용, 치료 만족도, 삶의 질(QOL)과 같은 평가 지표를 포함하는 차별화된 임상 근거를 우선시해야 합니다. 실세계 증거(RWE) 프로그램은 일반의약품(OTC) 치료만으로는 충분한 증상 완화를 얻지 못하는 환자들을 대상으로, 치료의 지속성, 내약성, 의료 이용 감소, 환자 보고 결과의 개선을 입증함으로써 보험사 및 임상의와의 소통을 강화할 수 있습니다.
CIC 치료 분석용 조사 기법
본 요약본은 규제 당국, 임상 실무 지침, 동료 심사를 거친 소화기학 문헌, 제형 정보, 의약품 안전성 모니터링 자료, 시장 접근 정보에서 공개된 근거를 통합한 2차 조사 프레임워크에 기초하여 작성되었습니다. 정보 출처에는 FDA 및 EMA와 같은 규제 당국의 규제 정보, 전문 학회의 지침, 그리고 만성 변비의 역학, 질병 부담, 치료 경로, 치료 성과에 관한 이미 발표된 근거가 포함됩니다.
결론 : CIC 치료의 전략적 전망
만성 특발성 변비(CIC)의 치료 환경은 기존에 완하제를 중심으로 한 관리 방식에서 벗어나, 처방약의 혁신, 환자 보고 결과, 디지털 헬스 기능을 바탕으로 한 보다 개인화된 근거 기반 치료로 진화하고 있습니다. 진단 기술의 발전, 인구 고령화, 기능성 위장 장애에 대한 임상적 관심이 높아짐에 따라, 선진국과 신흥국의 의료 시스템을 불문하고 효과적인 CIC 치료법에 대한 수요는 계속해서 견조한 추세를 보일 것으로 예측됩니다.
자주 묻는 질문
목차
제1장 서문
제2장 조사 방법
제3장 주요 요약
제4장 시장 개요
제5장 시장 인사이트
제6장 AI의 누적 영향(2026년)
제7장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 치료법별
제8장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 약제 클래스별
제9장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 제제 유형별
제10장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 투여 경로별
제11장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 처방 상황별
제12장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 최종 사용자별
제13장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 유통 채널별
제14장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 연령층별
제15장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 지역별
제16장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 그룹별
제17장 만성 특발성 변비 치료 시장 : 국가별
제18장 경쟁 구도
제19장 기업 개요
AJY 26.07.22The Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market is projected to grow by USD 2.35 billion at a CAGR of 7.93% by 2032.
| KEY MARKET STATISTICS | |
|---|---|
| Base Year [2025] | USD 1.37 billion |
| Estimated Year [2026] | USD 1.48 billion |
| Forecast Year [2032] | USD 2.35 billion |
| CAGR (%) | 7.93% |
Chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) is a persistent disorder marked by infrequent bowel movements, difficult stool passage, straining, hard stools, or a sensation of incomplete evacuation without an identifiable structural, metabolic, or medication-related cause. Defined through symptom-based criteria such as Rome IV and evaluated through guideline-directed clinical assessment, CIC is a high-burden functional gastrointestinal disorder associated with impaired quality of life, reduced work productivity, recurring physician visits, and ongoing use of nonprescription and prescription therapies.
The chronic idiopathic constipation therapeutic landscape is anchored by a stepwise treatment model that begins with dietary fiber, hydration, physical activity, and lifestyle optimization, followed by over-the-counter osmotic and stimulant laxatives for symptom relief. For patients with inadequate response, prescription therapies include chloride channel activators such as lubiprostone, guanylate cyclase-C agonists such as linaclotide and plecanatide, selective 5-HT4 agonists such as prucalopride, and regionally approved agents used for chronic constipation. Adoption is supported by aging populations, improved recognition of disorders of gut-brain interaction, expanding gastroenterology access, and stronger use of evidence-based treatment pathways for refractory constipation.
Transformative Shifts in the CIC Therapeutics Landscape
The CIC treatment landscape is shifting from episodic symptom relief toward personalized, mechanism-based care. Clinical guidance from major gastroenterology societies increasingly emphasizes matching therapy to symptom severity, prior treatment response, tolerability, comorbidities, safety profile, and patient preferences. This has strengthened the role of prescription chronic idiopathic constipation therapies for patients who do not achieve sustained relief with fiber, polyethylene glycol, lactulose, or stimulant laxatives.
Commercial dynamics are also changing as payer scrutiny, generic availability, formulary management, and value-based access reshape prescribing behavior. At the same time, innovation is moving beyond complete spontaneous bowel movements alone toward abdominal symptoms, bloating, straining, stool consistency, rescue medication use, adherence, and patient-reported outcomes. Products and strategies that demonstrate durable efficacy, tolerability, convenient dosing, persistence, and real-world value are best positioned in the chronic idiopathic constipation therapeutic market.
Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence on CIC Care
Artificial intelligence is beginning to influence the CIC therapeutic ecosystem across drug discovery, clinical development, diagnosis support, and patient engagement. AI-enabled analytics can help identify responder subgroups in clinical trial datasets, model gut motility and secretion pathways, and support biomarker exploration for constipation phenotypes currently classified as idiopathic. These capabilities are particularly relevant because CIC is heterogeneous and may overlap with slow-transit constipation, pelvic floor dysfunction, medication effects, and disorders of gut-brain interaction.
In clinical and commercial settings, AI can improve care pathways by analyzing electronic health records, pharmacy claims, symptom diaries, and patient-reported outcomes to detect inadequate treatment response earlier. Digital tools may help support escalation from OTC agents to prescription therapies, adherence monitoring, adverse event detection, and longitudinal symptom tracking. The cumulative impact is a gradual move toward precision gastroenterology, provided stakeholders address clinical validation, data privacy, algorithmic bias, interoperability, and regulatory expectations.
Key Regional Insights Across Global CIC Therapeutic Markets
North America remains one of the most mature regions for chronic idiopathic constipation therapeutics due to established diagnostic pathways, broad availability of OTC and prescription options, and high awareness among primary care clinicians and gastroenterologists. The United States supports innovation and branded prescription uptake through multiple approved therapeutic classes and strong specialist access, while Canada reflects guideline-driven care and formulary-led reimbursement decisions that influence treatment sequencing.
Europe shows steady demand supported by aging demographics, national health systems, and evidence-based gastroenterology practice, although reimbursement requirements and country-level access pathways vary across the region. Asia-Pacific is gaining strategic importance as China, Japan, India, South Korea, and Australia experience expanding health care access, aging populations, urban lifestyles, and broader recognition of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Japan is particularly notable for regional experience with constipation pharmacotherapy, including agents such as elobixibat for chronic constipation.
Latin America, the Middle East, and Africa present long-term opportunities tied to urbanization, retail pharmacy access, improved specialist availability, and rising awareness of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms. However, affordability constraints, underdiagnosis, uneven reimbursement, and differences in primary care referral pathways can limit adoption of premium prescription CIC therapeutics. Across these regions, clinician education, access to validated laxatives, better symptom recognition, and clear escalation protocols remain central to therapeutic development.
Key Group Insights for CIC Therapeutic Adoption
Within ASEAN, expanding private health care systems, growing retail pharmacy networks, and increasing gastroenterology awareness are improving access to constipation therapies, although prescription adoption remains sensitive to out-of-pocket spending and variable reimbursement. GCC markets benefit from comparatively strong health expenditure, specialist access, digital health investment, and chronic disease management infrastructure, supporting demand for branded gastrointestinal therapies where formulary coverage and patient affordability align.
The European Union provides a structured environment for clinical evidence generation, pharmacovigilance, regulatory oversight, and health technology assessment, making real-world effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness important for chronic idiopathic constipation therapeutic access. BRICS countries offer significant patient reach and long-term adoption potential, led by China, India, and Brazil, but require localized pricing, distribution strength, physician education, and evidence packages aligned with public and private payer expectations.
G7 markets remain central for product launches, guideline influence, clinical research activity, and premium therapy adoption because of advanced regulatory systems, high treatment awareness, and mature gastroenterology networks. NATO member markets overlap substantially with North America and Europe, where regulatory alignment, pharmaceutical distribution capacity, supply chain resilience, and established health care infrastructure support dependable access to CIC therapeutics.
Key Country Insights Shaping CIC Therapeutic Demand
The United States is a leading country market for chronic idiopathic constipation therapeutics because of multiple FDA-approved prescription options, broad OTC availability, active disease awareness, high specialist utilization, and established payer processes for step therapy and prior authorization. Canada follows a more reimbursement-disciplined model shaped by public and private formularies, while Mexico and Brazil show growth through private care, retail pharmacy channels, urban health care access, and increasing recognition of functional bowel disorders.
In Europe, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, and Spain combine aging populations with guideline-oriented management of chronic constipation, although national reimbursement policies and prescribing rules shape the pace of branded therapy adoption. Russia maintains demand for constipation management, but access, affordability, and supply reliability remain important considerations for consistent availability of CIC therapeutics.
China and India offer substantial patient reach as diagnosis improves, urban populations seek care for chronic gastrointestinal symptoms, and hospital-based gastroenterology services expand. Japan and South Korea benefit from aging demographics, advanced health systems, and strong clinical awareness of chronic constipation, with Japan showing notable experience in regionally established constipation pharmacotherapy. Australia represents a developed, guideline-oriented market with strong primary care infrastructure, specialist referral networks, and access to both OTC and prescription treatment options.
Actionable Recommendations for CIC Therapeutic Leaders
Industry leaders should prioritize differentiated clinical evidence that goes beyond bowel movement frequency to include straining, stool consistency, bloating, abdominal discomfort, rescue medication use, treatment satisfaction, and quality-of-life endpoints. Real-world evidence programs can strengthen payer and clinician discussions by demonstrating persistence, tolerability, reduced health care utilization, and improved patient-reported outcomes among patients who do not achieve adequate relief with OTC therapy.
Organizations should localize market access strategies by aligning pricing, evidence packages, reimbursement submissions, and education initiatives with regional health system realities. Partnerships with gastroenterology societies, primary care networks, digital health platforms, and pharmacy channels can accelerate diagnosis, appropriate treatment escalation, and patient adherence. AI-enabled symptom tracking and adherence tools should be deployed only within validated clinical workflows supported by transparent data governance, privacy safeguards, and measurable patient benefit.
Research Methodology for the CIC Therapeutics Analysis
This executive summary is built on a secondary research framework that synthesizes publicly available evidence from regulatory agencies, clinical practice guidelines, peer-reviewed gastroenterology literature, prescribing information, pharmacovigilance resources, and market access intelligence. Sources include regulatory information from agencies such as the FDA and EMA, professional society guidance, and published evidence on chronic constipation epidemiology, disease burden, treatment pathways, and therapeutic outcomes.
The analysis applies triangulation across clinical, commercial, regional, group-level, and country-level indicators to identify durable strategic themes. Therapeutic classes and adoption dynamics were assessed through the lenses of disease burden, approved treatment availability, reimbursement environment, health care infrastructure, prescribing behavior, patient access, and barriers to escalation. Findings are presented as strategic industry insights and should not be interpreted as individual medical advice.
Conclusion: Strategic Outlook for CIC Therapeutics
The chronic idiopathic constipation therapeutic landscape is evolving from conventional laxative-centered management toward more personalized, evidence-based care supported by prescription innovation, patient-reported outcomes, and digital health capabilities. As diagnosis improves, populations age, and functional gastrointestinal disorders receive greater clinical attention, demand for effective CIC therapies is expected to remain resilient across developed and emerging health care systems.
Future leadership in chronic idiopathic constipation therapeutics will depend on clinical differentiation, access strategy, regional execution, and responsible use of AI to improve patient identification and treatment optimization. Organizations that combine strong evidence with affordability, physician education, pharmacy engagement, and patient-centered support will be well positioned to advance care and strengthen adoption in CIC therapeutics.
Table of Contents
1. Preface
- 1.1. Objectives of the Study
- 1.2. Market Definition
- 1.3. Market Segmentation & Coverage
- 1.4. Years Considered for the Study
- 1.5. Currency Considered for the Study
- 1.6. Language Considered for the Study
- 1.7. Key Stakeholders
2. Research Methodology
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Research Design
- 2.2.1. Primary Research
- 2.2.2. Secondary Research
- 2.3. Research Framework
- 2.3.1. Qualitative Analysis
- 2.3.2. Quantitative Analysis
- 2.4. Market Size Estimation
- 2.4.1. Top-Down Approach
- 2.4.2. Bottom-Up Approach
- 2.5. Data Triangulation
- 2.6. Research Outcomes
- 2.7. Research Assumptions
- 2.8. Research Limitations
3. Executive Summary
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. CXO Perspective
- 3.3. Market Size & Growth Trends
- 3.4. Market Share Analysis, 2025
- 3.5. FPNV Positioning Matrix, 2025
- 3.6. New Revenue Opportunities
- 3.7. Next-Generation Business Models
- 3.8. Industry Roadmap
4. Market Overview
- 4.1. Introduction
- 4.2. Industry Ecosystem & Value Chain Analysis
- 4.2.1. Supply-Side Analysis
- 4.2.2. Demand-Side Analysis
- 4.2.3. Stakeholder Analysis
- 4.3. Market Dynamics
- 4.3.1. Key Drivers
- 4.3.2. Key Restraints
- 4.3.3. Key Opportunities
- 4.3.4. Key Challenges
- 4.4. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
- 4.5. PESTLE Analysis
- 4.6. Market Outlook
- 4.6.1. Near-Term Market Outlook (0-2 Years)
- 4.6.2. Medium-Term Market Outlook (3-5 Years)
- 4.6.3. Long-Term Market Outlook (5-10 Years)
- 4.7. Go-to-Market Strategy
5. Market Insights
- 5.1. Consumer Insights & End-User Perspective
- 5.2. Consumer Experience Benchmarking
- 5.3. Opportunity Mapping
- 5.4. Distribution Channel Analysis
- 5.5. Pricing Trend Analysis
- 5.6. Regulatory Compliance & Standards Framework
- 5.7. ESG & Sustainability Analysis
- 5.8. Disruption & Risk Scenarios
- 5.9. Return on Investment & Cost-Benefit Analysis
6. Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence 2026
7. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Treatment Modality
- 7.1. Non-Pharmacological / Adjunct
- 7.2. Pharmacological
8. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Drug Class
- 8.1. Guanylate Cyclase-C (GC-C) Agonists
- 8.2. Osmotic Laxatives
- 8.3. Stimulant Laxatives
- 8.4. Serotonin 5-HT4 Receptor Agonists
- 8.5. Bulking Agents
- 8.6. Stool Softeners
9. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Formulation Type
- 9.1. Solid Oral Formulations
- 9.1.1. Tablets
- 9.1.2. Capsules
- 9.2. Liquid Oral Formulations
- 9.2.1. Solutions
- 9.2.2. Suspensions
- 9.3. Rectal Formulations
- 9.3.1. Suppositories
- 9.3.2. Enemas
10. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Route Of Administration
- 10.1. Rectal
- 10.2. Oral
11. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Prescription Status
- 11.1. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medicines
- 11.2. Prescription Medicines
12. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by End User
- 12.1. Hospitals
- 12.2. Specialty Gastroenterology Clinics
- 12.3. Primary Care Clinics
- 12.4. Home Care Settings
- 12.5. Long Term Care Facilities
- 12.6. Rehabilitation Centers
13. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Distribution Channel
- 13.1. Hospital Pharmacies
- 13.2. Online Pharmacies
- 13.3. Retail Pharmacies
14. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Age Group
- 14.1. Pediatric Patients
- 14.2. Adult Patients
15. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Region
- 15.1. Asia-Pacific
- 15.2. North America
- 15.3. Latin America
- 15.4. Europe
- 15.5. Middle East
- 15.6. Africa
16. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Group
- 16.1. ASEAN
- 16.2. GCC
- 16.3. European Union
- 16.4. BRICS
- 16.5. G7
- 16.6. NATO
17. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation Therapeutic Market, by Country
- 17.1. United States
- 17.2. Canada
- 17.3. Mexico
- 17.4. Brazil
- 17.5. United Kingdom
- 17.6. Germany
- 17.7. France
- 17.8. Russia
- 17.9. Italy
- 17.10. Spain
- 17.11. China
- 17.12. India
- 17.13. Japan
- 17.14. Australia
- 17.15. South Korea
18. Competitive Landscape
- 18.1. Market Concentration Analysis, 2025
- 18.1.1. Concentration Ratio (CR)
- 18.1.2. Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI)
- 18.2. Recent Developments & Impact Analysis, 2025
- 18.3. Product Portfolio Analysis, 2025
- 18.4. Benchmarking Analysis, 2025
19. Company Profiles
- 19.1. AbbVie Inc.
- 19.2. Albireo Pharma, Inc. by Ipsen S.A.
- 19.3. ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- 19.4. Ardelyx Inc.
- 19.5. Bausch Health Companies Inc.
- 19.6. Bayer AG
- 19.7. Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd.
- 19.8. Eisai Co., Ltd.
- 19.9. Ferring B.V.
- 19.10. Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- 19.11. Lupin Limited
- 19.12. Mallinckrodt plc
- 19.13. MSN Laboratories Private Limited
- 19.14. Norgine B.V.
- 19.15. Sanofi S.A.
- 19.16. Shionogi & Co., Ltd.
- 19.17. Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
- 19.18. Zydus Cadila Limited
