<2026> 글로벌/지역별 ESG 요구에 따른 자동차 OEM과 배터리 벨류체인의 대응 현황 및 전략(-2040년)

This report is written primarily in English. A Korean translation can be provided upon request.

The transition to electric mobility has turned environmental, social, and governance performance from a voluntary reporting exercise into a binding condition of market access. As carbon regulation, human-rights due diligence, and circularity rules take legal force across major markets, automakers can no longer treat sustainability as a matter of disclosure alone. They are now accountable, to regulators and investors alike, for conditions created far upstream in the battery supply chain, at stages they neither own nor directly control.

In response, accountability has been pushed back onto the supply chain. Automakers translate regulatory obligation and investor scrutiny into contractual procurement conditions that cascade from Tier 1 suppliers down toward the point of raw-material extraction. Every tier is increasingly obliged to substantiate the carbon, origin, recycled content, and verified disclosure of what it supplies in order to retain access. ESG accountability, in other words, no longer originates with the supplier and travels upward as a voluntary claim. It originates with the OEM and travels downward as a procurement requirement.

The market governed by these conditions is large and still expanding, as EV adoption and battery demand continue to grow across every major region. The supply base to which OEM ESG requirements now attach is therefore widening year on year, raising the stakes for every participant in the chain.

This report examines how those requirements propagate across the value chain and where the resulting risk tends to concentrate. It works through the global regulatory landscape across Europe, the United States, China, and Korea, profiles the ESG positioning of leading automakers, sets out stage-by-stage response strategies for the battery, materials, precursor, and recycling segments, and grounds the analysis in a series of company case studies drawn from across the chain.

Rather than rank ambition, the analysis asks a more practical set of questions. Where along the chain do the binding requirements actually sit, which stages are responding fastest and which are falling behind, and what separates the companies that will keep their place in OEM supply chains from those that will not. The report sets out where that line is being drawn and why.

We hope this report serves battery makers, cathode and precursor suppliers, recyclers, OEM procurement and sustainability teams, and investors as a practical reference for understanding where procurement risk concentrates and how to prepare for the regulatory milestones ahead. The durable advantage, on the evidence assembled here, will favor those who treat verified data as infrastructure rather than cost.

Table of Contents

1. Overview

• 1.1 Report Objectives and Scope
• 1.2 Market Status and Outlook (~2040)
• 1.3 OEM ESG Requirement Cascade and Supply Chain Response Framework
• 1.4 Value Chain Boundary and Scope 1/2/3 Definition
• 1.5 OEM ESG Hotspot Overview

2. Structure of OEM ESG Requirements and Supply Chain Impact

• 2.1 Classification of OEM Requirements
• 2.2 How ESG Requirements Reach Suppliers
• 2.3 Value Chain Trade-offs and Conflicts

3. Global ESG Policies and Regulatory Landscape

• 3.1 Global ESG Regulatory Megatrends
• 3.2 Europe
• 3.3 United States
• 3.4 China
• 3.5 Korea
• 3.6 Summary

4. ESG Risk Analysis Across the Value Chain

• 4.1 Environmental Risks
• 4.2 Social Risks
• 4.3 Governance Risks
• 4.4 ESG Hotspot Radar

5. OEM ESG Deep-Dive Analysis

• 5.1 Tesla
• 5.2 Volkswagen
• 5.3 Hyundai Motor Company
• 5.4 BYD
• 5.5 BMW
• 5.6 Mercedes-Benz
• 5.7 OEM ESG Comparison

6. Supply Chain Response Strategies

• 6.1 Supply Chain Response Framework
• 6.2 Battery Manufacturers
• 6.3 Cathode Manufacturers
• 6.4 Precursor and Refining
• 6.5 Recycling Companies
• 6.6 Data and Audit Infrastructure

7. Company Case Studies

• 7.1 Battery Companies
  • 7.1.1 LG Energy Solution
  • 7.1.2 CATL
  • 7.1.3 Samsung SDI
• 7.2 Cathode Companies
  • 7.2.1 POSCO Future M
  • 7.2.2 EcoPro
  • 7.2.3 BASF
• 7.3 Precursor and Refining Companies
  • 7.3.1 CNGR Advanced Material
  • 7.3.2 EcoPro Materials
• 7.4 Recycling Companies
  • 7.4.1 SungEel HiTech
  • 7.4.2 Umicore
  • 7.4.3 Redwood Materials
  • 7.4.4 Huayou Recycling

8. Conclusion

• 8.1 Key Takeaways
• 8.2 Critical Challenges by Value Chain Stage
• 8.3 Future Outlook