|
시장보고서
상품코드
2087623
운송용 연료 시장 : 연료 유형별, 공급원, 혼합 비율, 최종 사용자, 유통 채널별 - 세계 시장 예측(2026-2032년)Transportation Fuel Market by Fuel Type, Source, Blending, End User, Distribution Channel - Global Forecast 2026-2032 |
||||||
360iResearch
운송용 연료 시장은 2032년까지 연평균 복합 성장률(CAGR) 5.59%로 성장해 4,608억 3,000만 달러 규모로 확대될 것으로 예측됩니다.
| 주요 시장 통계 | |
|---|---|
| 기준 연도(2025년) | 3,148억 5,000만 달러 |
| 추정 연도(2026년) | 3,304억 5,000만 달러 |
| 예측 연도(2032년) | 4,608억 3,000만 달러 |
| CAGR(%) | 5.59% |
연료 생산자 대상 운송용 연료 시장 요약 보고서
운송용 연료 시장은 전 세계의 모빌리티, 에너지 안보 및 탈탄소화 전략의 중심에 자리 잡고 있습니다. 도로, 항공, 해운, 철도 수요는 여전히 정제 석유 제품에 크게 의존하고 있는 반면, 바이오연료, 천연가스, 수소, 지속가능 항공연료(SAF), 재생 가능 디젤 및 전력 연계형 연료 생태계가 경쟁 구도를 새롭게 바꾸고 있습니다. 국제에너지기구(IEA)에 따르면, 운송 부문은 여전히 석유 수요의 최대 최종 용도 중 하나이며, 휘발유, 디젤, 제트 연료, 선박용 연료는 무역 흐름, 소비자 이동, 화물 운송, 그리고 항공 산업의 회복에 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있습니다.
운송용 연료의 전망에 있어 획기적인 변화
운송용 연료의 상황은 에너지 전환 정책, 자동차 기술의 변혁, 그리고 공급망의 변동성이라는 세 가지 구조적 요인에 의해 변화하고 있습니다. 유로 7 기준, 재생 가능 연료 의무화, 캘리포니아주의 저탄소 연료 기준(LCFS), 미국의 재생 가능 연료 기준(RFS) 의무화, 그리고 국제해사기구(IMO)의 선박 배기가스 규제에 따라, 수요는 고탄소 연료에서 더 깨끗한 혼합 연료 및 인증된 저탄소 경로로 전환되고 있습니다. 동시에, 성숙한 시장에서는 전기차의 보급으로 인해 휘발유 수요의 장기적인 증가세가 둔화되고 있는 반면, 상업용 화물 운송, 항공, 해운 부문에서는 디젤 연료, 제트 연료, 선박용 연료에 대한 수요가 계속해서 지지를 받고 있습니다.
수송용 연료에 대한 인공지능의 누적 영향
인공지능(AI)은 운송용 연료의 생산, 거래, 물류 및 규정 준수 등 모든 분야에서 점진적인 우위를 확보해 나가고 있습니다. 정제 분야에서는 AI를 활용한 공정 제어를 통해 수율 관리, 에너지 효율, 촉매 성능, 안전 감시 및 예측 유지보수를 개선할 수 있습니다. 유통 분야에서는 머신러닝이 수요 예측, 터미널 스케줄링, 경로 최적화, 재고 계획, 공급 차질 대응은 물론, 파이프라인, 저장소, 항만, 소매 네트워크에 걸친 제품 배분을 뒷받침하고 있습니다.
주요 지역별 분석 : 아시아태평양, 북미, 유럽, 신흥 시장
아시아태평양은 중국, 인도, 아세안(ASEAN) 국가들, 일본, 한국, 호주의 차량 대수 증가, 항공 업계의 회복, 화물 운송, 산업 활동 및 정유시설에 대한 투자에 힘입어 계속해서 운송용 연료 소비의 최대 성장 동력으로 자리 잡고 있습니다. 중국에서 전기차의 급속한 보급은 휘발유 수요의 양상을 변화시키고 있지만, 석유화학 산업과의 통합, 항공유 수요, 화물 운송 수요, 그리고 대규모 정제 능력 덕분에 이 지역은 여전히 세계 연료 전략에서 중심적인 위치를 차지하고 있습니다. 인도는 모빌리티 수요 증가, 에탄올 혼합 정책, 정유시설 확장, 그리고 화물 운송 및 농업 분야에서 디젤 연료의 활발한 사용으로 인해 계속해서 두드러진 위치를 차지하고 있습니다.
주요 지역에 대한 그룹의 견해 : 아세안(ASEAN), GCC, EU, 브릭스(BRICS), G7, 나토(NATO)
인도네시아, 태국, 베트남, 말레이시아, 필리핀이 도로 교통, 물류 네트워크, 항공 운송 능력을 확대함에 따라, 아세안(ASEAN)은 전략적 운송 연료의 성장 거점으로 자리매김하고 있습니다. 바이오연료 혼합 정책, 특히 인도네시아의 팜유 유래 바이오디젤과 태국의 에탄올 프로그램은 지역별 공급 패턴을 형성하고, 특정 수입 수요를 줄이고 있습니다. GCC는 여전히 주요 수출국이자 하류 부문의 투자처로 자리 잡고 있으며, 회원국들은 유리한 원료, 정제 능력, 통합형 석유화학 산업, 항만 인프라, 그리고 저비용 에너지를 활용하여 정제 제품 및 신흥 저탄소 연료 분야에서 세계적인 경쟁력을 발휘하고 있습니다.
주요 운송용 연료 시장의 주요 국가 동향
미국은 대규모 정제 기반 시설, 높은 도로용 연료 소비량, ‘재생 가능 연료 기준(RFS)’, 지속 가능한 항공 연료(SAF)에 대한 인센티브, 재생 가능 디젤 생산 능력 확대, 그리고 광범위한 연료 유통 인프라를 통해 계속해서 전 세계 운송용 연료 분야를 선도하고 있습니다. 캐나다는 장거리 이동과 자원 부문의 운송 수요 간의 균형을 유지하면서, 청정 연료 규제, 저탄소 연료 생산 및 바이오연료 혼합을 추진하고 있습니다. 멕시코는 수입 휘발유 및 디젤에 대한 의존도를 낮추기 위한 정책에 힘입어, 정유시설의 자급자족과 국내 연료 안보 확보를 최우선으로 하고 있습니다. 브라질은 사탕수수 유래 에탄올, 플렉스 연료 차량, 바이오디젤 분야에서 세계적인 기준이 되고 있으며, 가장 성숙한 대체 연료 시장 중 하나입니다.
운송용 연료 업계의 리더를 위한 실천적 제안
업계 리더는 수익성이 높은 기존 연료 사업을 보호하는 한편, 정책 지원, 원료 확보 가능성, 물류 인프라, 고객 수요가 모두 갖춰진 분야에서 저탄소 연료를 확대함으로써 사업 포트폴리오의 유연성을 우선시해야 합니다. 재생 가능 디젤, SAF, 첨단 바이오연료, 수소, 합성연료 및 탄소 집약도 관리에 대한 투자는 단순한 명목상의 생산 능력뿐만 아니라, 엄격한 수명 주기 경제성을 통해 평가되어야 합니다.
운송용 연료 시장 분석을 위한 조사 기법
본 요약본은 IEA, 미국 에너지정보청(EIA), 국제재생에너지기구(IRENA), 국제민간항공기구(ICAO), 국제해사기구(IMO), 각국의 에너지부, 연료 기준 기관 및 지역별 정책 체계 등, 공개되고 검증 가능한 정보원을 활용한 2차 조사 기법에 기초하여 구성되었습니다. 시장 해석에 있어서는 수요 지표, 정유시설 생산 능력 동향, 연료 정책의 진전, 무역 흐름, 차량의 전기화, 바이오연료 의무화, 연료 품질 기준, 그리고 저탄소 연료에 대한 투자 동향이 고려되고 있습니다.
결론 : 운송용 연료 시장의 전략적 전망
운송용 연료 시장은 기존 연료가 여전히 필수적인 반면, 저탄소 대체 연료가 정책적·상업적 측면에서 그 입지를 넓혀가고 있는 더욱 복잡한 시기를 맞이하고 있습니다. 수요 증가세는 지역별로 점점 더 큰 차이를 보이는 경향을 보이고 있으며, 아시아태평양, 중동, 라틴아메리카, 아프리카에서는 성장 기회가 예상되는 반면, 북미 및 유럽에서는 연비 향상, 배출량 감축, 재생 가능 연료 혼합, 그리고 대체 연료의 보급 확대가 중시되고 있습니다.
자주 묻는 질문
목차
제1장 서문
제2장 조사 방법
제3장 주요 요약
제4장 시장 개요
제5장 시장 인사이트
제6장 AI의 누적 영향(2026년)
제7장 운송용 연료 시장 : 연료 유형별
제8장 운송용 연료 시장 : 소스별
제9장 운송용 연료 시장 : 혼합 비율별
제10장 운송용 연료 시장 : 최종 사용자별
제11장 운송용 연료 시장 : 유통 채널별
제12장 운송용 연료 시장 : 지역별
제13장 운송용 연료 시장 : 그룹별
제14장 운송용 연료 시장 : 국가별
제15장 경쟁 구도
제16장 기업 개요
KTH 26.07.21The Transportation Fuel Market is projected to grow by USD 460.83 billion at a CAGR of 5.59% by 2032.
| KEY MARKET STATISTICS | |
|---|---|
| Base Year [2025] | USD 314.85 billion |
| Estimated Year [2026] | USD 330.45 billion |
| Forecast Year [2032] | USD 460.83 billion |
| CAGR (%) | 5.59% |
Transportation Fuel Market Executive Summary for Fuel Producers
The transportation fuel market sits at the center of global mobility, energy security, and decarbonization strategy. Road, aviation, marine, and rail demand continue to rely heavily on refined petroleum products, while biofuels, natural gas, hydrogen, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), renewable diesel, and electricity-linked fuel ecosystems are reshaping competitive dynamics. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), transport remains one of the largest end-use sources of oil demand, making gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and marine fuels critical to trade flows, consumer mobility, freight movement, and aviation recovery.
For refiners, fuel producers, and integrated energy stakeholders, the market is no longer defined only by fuel throughput. Margin resilience increasingly depends on feedstock flexibility, refinery yield optimization, low-carbon fuel compliance, emissions accounting, and access to growth corridors in Asia-Pacific, North America, and emerging economies. Companies that balance conventional fuel reliability with scalable alternative fuel portfolios are best positioned to capture demand across a fragmented but rapidly transforming transportation fuel landscape.
Transformative Shifts in the Transportation Fuel Landscape
The transportation fuel landscape is being transformed by three structural forces: energy transition policy, vehicle technology change, and supply-chain volatility. Euro 7 standards, renewable fuel mandates, California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard, U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard obligations, and International Maritime Organization marine emissions rules are shifting demand from high-carbon fuels toward cleaner blends and certified low-carbon pathways. At the same time, electric vehicle adoption is moderating long-term gasoline growth in mature markets, while commercial freight, aviation, and maritime segments continue to support diesel, jet fuel, and marine fuel demand.
Producers are also adapting to disruptions in crude flows, refinery closures in some OECD markets, capacity additions in Asia and the Middle East, and higher demand for transparent carbon intensity data. The strongest market participants are investing in hydrotreated vegetable oil, renewable diesel, SAF, advanced biofuels, hydrogen-ready infrastructure, and refinery digitalization while using disciplined capital allocation to protect margins in conventional fuels.
Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Transportation Fuel
Artificial intelligence is becoming a cumulative advantage across transportation fuel production, trading, logistics, and compliance. In refining, AI-enabled process control can improve yield management, energy efficiency, catalyst performance, safety monitoring, and predictive maintenance. In distribution, machine learning supports demand forecasting, terminal scheduling, route optimization, inventory planning, disruption management, and product allocation across pipelines, depots, ports, and retail networks.
AI is also strengthening low-carbon fuel strategy. Producers can use advanced analytics to model lifecycle emissions, verify feedstock traceability, optimize blending economics, forecast compliance credit exposure, and identify profitable pathways for renewable diesel, ethanol, biodiesel, hydrogen, and SAF. The cumulative impact is a market where data quality, automation, and real-time decision intelligence increasingly determine cost leadership, regulatory compliance, operational resilience, and customer retention.
Key Regional Insights: Asia-Pacific, North America, Europe, and Emerging Markets
Asia-Pacific remains the largest growth engine for transportation fuel consumption, supported by expanding vehicle fleets, aviation recovery, freight movement, industrial activity, and refinery investment across China, India, ASEAN markets, Japan, South Korea, and Australia. China's rapid electric vehicle adoption is reshaping gasoline demand, yet petrochemical integration, aviation fuel needs, freight requirements, and large-scale refining capacity keep the region central to global fuel strategy. India continues to stand out for rising mobility demand, ethanol blending policy, refinery expansion, and strong diesel use in freight and agriculture.
North America is characterized by mature gasoline demand, high diesel and jet fuel consumption, strong biofuel policy support, and world-scale refining infrastructure in the United States and Canada. Latin America offers growth potential through Brazil's ethanol leadership, biodiesel blending, renewable fuel experience, and rising logistics activity, while Mexico's refining strategy emphasizes domestic supply security. Europe is accelerating low-carbon fuel regulations under Fit for 55, RED III, ReFuelEU Aviation, and FuelEU Maritime, supporting SAF, renewable diesel, biofuels, and carbon intensity reduction across transport fuel supply chains.
The Middle East is strengthening its position as a fuel export and refinery hub, with Gulf producers investing in downstream integration, hydrogen, cleaner fuels, and export-oriented refining. Africa presents long-term demand potential due to urbanization, population growth, road transport expansion, and infrastructure development, although refinery constraints, import dependence, affordability, foreign exchange exposure, and fuel quality standards remain decisive market factors.
Key Group Insights: ASEAN, GCC, EU, BRICS, G7, and NATO
ASEAN is becoming a strategic transportation fuel growth corridor as Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, and the Philippines expand road mobility, logistics networks, and aviation capacity. Biofuel blending policies, particularly palm-based biodiesel in Indonesia and ethanol programs in Thailand, are shaping regional supply patterns and reducing selected import requirements. The GCC remains a critical exporter and downstream investor, with member states leveraging advantaged feedstocks, refining capacity, integrated petrochemicals, port infrastructure, and low-cost energy to compete globally in refined products and emerging low-carbon fuels.
The European Union is driving some of the world's most stringent low-carbon fuel requirements through renewable energy directives, emissions trading expansion, SAF mandates, and maritime fuel regulations. BRICS economies combine large-scale demand growth with state-backed energy security policies, making them central to crude refining, biofuels, gas-based transport fuels, and alternative fuel deployment. G7 markets are advancing fuel efficiency, electric vehicle adoption, SAF scale-up, hydrogen pilots, renewable diesel use, and carbon intensity reporting, while NATO countries increasingly view fuel resilience, diversified supply, military mobility, and secure logistics as strategic priorities.
Key Country Insights Across Major Transportation Fuel Markets
The United States remains a global transportation fuel leader through its large refining base, high road fuel consumption, Renewable Fuel Standard, SAF incentives, renewable diesel capacity additions, and extensive fuel distribution infrastructure. Canada is advancing clean fuel regulations, low-carbon fuel production, and biofuel blending while balancing long-distance mobility and resource-sector transport needs. Mexico is prioritizing refinery self-sufficiency and domestic fuel security, supported by policies aimed at reducing dependence on imported gasoline and diesel. Brazil is a global benchmark for sugarcane ethanol, flex-fuel vehicles, and biodiesel, making it one of the most mature alternative fuel markets.
In Europe, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, and Spain are balancing declining long-term gasoline demand with diesel requirements, aviation recovery, SAF mandates, renewable fuel adoption, and tighter emissions regulation. Germany and France are emphasizing low-carbon mobility and renewable fuel integration, while Italy and Spain remain important refining and Mediterranean logistics centers. Russia remains a major hydrocarbon producer and fuel exporter, although sanctions, price restrictions, insurance limitations, and trade rerouting continue to alter flows. China is central to global demand dynamics due to its scale, refining capacity, electric vehicle penetration, road freight, and aviation growth. India is one of the fastest-growing fuel markets, supported by rising vehicle ownership, freight activity, airport expansion, and ethanol blending targets.
Japan and South Korea are mature, import-dependent fuel markets investing in hydrogen, ammonia, SAF, synthetic fuel research, and refinery transition strategies to improve energy security and decarbonization readiness. Australia combines high transport distances, mining logistics, aviation needs, and interest in renewable diesel, SAF, and hydrogen, while its reliance on imported refined products makes supply resilience a key policy and commercial priority.
Actionable Recommendations for Transportation Fuel Industry Leaders
Industry leaders should prioritize portfolio flexibility by protecting profitable conventional fuel operations while scaling low-carbon fuels where policy support, feedstock access, logistics infrastructure, and customer demand align. Investments in renewable diesel, SAF, advanced biofuels, hydrogen, synthetic fuels, and carbon intensity management should be evaluated through disciplined lifecycle economics rather than headline capacity alone.
Companies should also strengthen AI-enabled refinery optimization, fuel demand forecasting, feedstock procurement, emissions tracking, blending control, and compliance-credit analytics. Partnerships with airlines, fleet operators, ports, governments, agricultural feedstock suppliers, and technology providers can reduce commercialization risk. Leaders that integrate energy security, affordability, reliability, and decarbonization into one operating model will be best placed to outperform through the next phase of market transition.
Research Methodology for Transportation Fuel Market Analysis
This executive summary is structured from a secondary research approach using public, verifiable sources, including the IEA, U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Renewable Energy Agency, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Maritime Organization, national energy ministries, fuel standards agencies, and regional policy frameworks. Market interpretation considers demand indicators, refinery capacity trends, fuel policy developments, trade flows, fleet electrification, biofuel mandates, fuel quality rules, and low-carbon fuel investment signals.
The analysis applies triangulation across energy statistics, regulatory documents, government publications, industry association data, and macroeconomic indicators to identify directional market opportunities. Insights are designed for strategic decision-making and reflect current industry evidence rather than speculative claims, market sizing, market share, or forecasting.
Conclusion: Strategic Outlook for the Transportation Fuel Market
The transportation fuel market is entering a more complex era in which conventional fuels remain essential while lower-carbon alternatives gain policy and commercial momentum. Demand growth is increasingly regional, with Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa offering expansion opportunities, while North America and Europe emphasize fuel efficiency, emissions reduction, renewable fuel blending, and alternative fuel scale-up.
For fuel producers, the winning strategy is not a single transition pathway but a balanced platform of refinery competitiveness, digital intelligence, low-carbon fuel optionality, and resilient supply chains. Companies that act now can protect margins, meet regulatory expectations, strengthen customer relationships, and capture value in both today's fuel economy and tomorrow's decarbonized mobility system.
Table of Contents
1. Preface
- 1.1. Objectives of the Study
- 1.2. Market Definition
- 1.3. Market Segmentation & Coverage
- 1.4. Years Considered for the Study
- 1.5. Currency Considered for the Study
- 1.6. Language Considered for the Study
- 1.7. Key Stakeholders
2. Research Methodology
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Research Design
- 2.2.1. Primary Research
- 2.2.2. Secondary Research
- 2.3. Research Framework
- 2.3.1. Qualitative Analysis
- 2.3.2. Quantitative Analysis
- 2.4. Market Size Estimation
- 2.4.1. Top-Down Approach
- 2.4.2. Bottom-Up Approach
- 2.5. Data Triangulation
- 2.6. Research Outcomes
- 2.7. Research Assumptions
- 2.8. Research Limitations
3. Executive Summary
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. CXO Perspective
- 3.3. Market Size & Growth Trends
- 3.4. Market Share Analysis, 2025
- 3.5. FPNV Positioning Matrix, 2025
- 3.6. New Revenue Opportunities
- 3.7. Next-Generation Business Models
- 3.8. Industry Roadmap
4. Market Overview
- 4.1. Introduction
- 4.2. Industry Ecosystem & Value Chain Analysis
- 4.2.1. Supply-Side Analysis
- 4.2.2. Demand-Side Analysis
- 4.2.3. Stakeholder Analysis
- 4.3. Market Dynamics
- 4.3.1. Key Drivers
- 4.3.2. Key Restraints
- 4.3.3. Key Opportunities
- 4.3.4. Key Challenges
- 4.4. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
- 4.5. PESTLE Analysis
- 4.6. Market Outlook
- 4.6.1. Near-Term Market Outlook (0-2 Years)
- 4.6.2. Medium-Term Market Outlook (3-5 Years)
- 4.6.3. Long-Term Market Outlook (5-10 Years)
- 4.7. Go-to-Market Strategy
5. Market Insights
- 5.1. Consumer Insights & End-User Perspective
- 5.2. Consumer Experience Benchmarking
- 5.3. Opportunity Mapping
- 5.4. Distribution Channel Analysis
- 5.5. Pricing Trend Analysis
- 5.6. Regulatory Compliance & Standards Framework
- 5.7. ESG & Sustainability Analysis
- 5.8. Disruption & Risk Scenarios
- 5.9. Return on Investment & Cost-Benefit Analysis
6. Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence 2026
7. Transportation Fuel Market, by Fuel Type
- 7.1. Biofuel
- 7.1.1. Biodiesel
- 7.1.2. Biogas
- 7.1.3. Ethanol
- 7.2. Diesel
- 7.3. Gasoline
- 7.4. Jet Fuel
8. Transportation Fuel Market, by Source
- 8.1. Alternative
- 8.1.1. Biofuel
- 8.1.2. Hydrogen
- 8.1.3. Natural Gas
- 8.2. Conventional
- 8.2.1. Crude Oil Derived
- 8.2.2. Shale Oil
- 8.3. Synthetic
- 8.3.1. Biomass To Liquid
- 8.3.2. Coal To Liquid
- 8.3.3. Gas To Liquid
9. Transportation Fuel Market, by Blending
- 9.1. Biodiesel Blends
- 9.2. Ethanol Blends
- 9.3. Unblended
10. Transportation Fuel Market, by End User
- 10.1. Aviation
- 10.1.1. Commercial Aviation
- 10.1.2. General Aviation
- 10.1.3. Military Aviation
- 10.2. Commercial Vehicles
- 10.2.1. Heavy Commercial Vehicles
- 10.2.2. Light Commercial Vehicles
- 10.3. Maritime
- 10.4. Passenger Vehicles
- 10.4.1. Hatchbacks
- 10.4.2. Sedans
- 10.4.3. SUVs
- 10.5. Rail
- 10.5.1. Freight Rail
- 10.5.2. Passenger Rail
11. Transportation Fuel Market, by Distribution Channel
- 11.1. Direct Sales
- 11.2. Retail
- 11.2.1. Company Owned Outlets
- 11.2.2. Dealer Owned Outlets
- 11.3. Wholesale
- 11.3.1. Bulk Suppliers
- 11.3.2. Trader Distributor
12. Transportation Fuel Market, by Region
- 12.1. Asia-Pacific
- 12.2. North America
- 12.3. Latin America
- 12.4. Europe
- 12.5. Middle East
- 12.6. Africa
13. Transportation Fuel Market, by Group
- 13.1. ASEAN
- 13.2. GCC
- 13.3. European Union
- 13.4. BRICS
- 13.5. G7
- 13.6. NATO
14. Transportation Fuel Market, by Country
- 14.1. United States
- 14.2. Canada
- 14.3. Mexico
- 14.4. Brazil
- 14.5. United Kingdom
- 14.6. Germany
- 14.7. France
- 14.8. Russia
- 14.9. Italy
- 14.10. Spain
- 14.11. China
- 14.12. India
- 14.13. Japan
- 14.14. Australia
- 14.15. South Korea
15. Competitive Landscape
- 15.1. Market Concentration Analysis, 2025
- 15.1.1. Concentration Ratio (CR)
- 15.1.2. Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI)
- 15.2. Recent Developments & Impact Analysis, 2025
- 15.3. Product Portfolio Analysis, 2025
- 15.4. Benchmarking Analysis, 2025
16. Company Profiles
- 16.1. Air Liquide S.A.
- 16.2. Alder Energy, LLC
- 16.3. Alto Ingredients, Inc.
- 16.4. Bangchak Corporation Public Company Limited
- 16.5. BP PLC
- 16.6. Cargill, Incorporated
- 16.7. Chevron Corporation
- 16.8. China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation
- 16.9. Clariant International Ltd.
- 16.10. ConocoPhillips
- 16.11. Eni S.p.A.
- 16.12. Exxon Mobil Corporation
- 16.13. Gevo, Inc.
- 16.14. Green Plains Inc.
- 16.15. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
- 16.16. Honeywell International Inc.
- 16.17. Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- 16.18. PetroChina Company Limited
- 16.19. Saudi Arabian Oil Company
- 16.20. Shell plc
- 16.21. TotalEnergies SE
